碳基导电材料促进有机固废厌氧消化产甲烷的研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF CARBON-BASED CONDUCTIVE MATERIALS TO PROMOTE METHANE PRODUCTION FROM ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF ORGANIC SOLID WAST

有机固体废弃物的资源化对实现节能减排、促进可持续发展具有重要作用。厌氧消化可将有机固废通过生物代谢作用转化为清洁燃料甲烷以实现能源回收。然而,受限于较复杂的反应过程和有毒有害中间产物的影响,当前厌氧消化技术产甲烷效能较低,一定程度上限制了其在实际生产过程中的应用。碳基导电材料(CCMs)被证实可以提升厌氧消化的产甲烷效率,但不同CCMs对有机固废厌氧消化产甲烷的作用机制仍不明晰。因此,基于以往研究报导,系统地分析了CCMs对有机固废厌氧消化产甲烷效能的影响,从酶活性和微生物群落角度讨论了CCMs提升产甲烷效能的微生物学作用机理,进一步解析了CCMs强化直接种间电子传递的作用机制,并从能源与经济角度对CCMs强化有机固废厌氧消化产甲烷技术进行了展望,以期为CCMs在厌氧消化实际工程中的应用提供理论依据和技术支撑。

The resource utilization of organic solid waste plays an important role in energy conservation,pollution emission reduction,and sustainable development.Anaerobic digestion,through biological metabolism,offers a promising approach to converting organic solid waste into cleaner fuel methane for energy recovery.However,the current efficiency of methane production in anaerobic digestion technology remains limited due to the intricate reaction process and the impact of toxic and harmful intermediates.Carbon-based conductive materials(CCMs)have shown the potential in enhancing methane production efficiency during anaerobic digestion.Nevertheless,the underlying mechanism of CCMs influencing methane production from anaerobic digestion of organic solid waste remains unclear.Building upon prior research,this paper comprehensively analyzes the effects of CCMs on the methanogenic efficiency of anaerobic digestion.It explores the microbiological mechanisms of CCMs in enhancing methanogenic efficiency from the perspectives of enzyme activity and microbial community.Furthermore,it investigates the mechanisms of CCMs enhancing direct interspecies electron transfer,while also providing an energy and economic perspective on the application of CCMs to improve the methanogenic efficiency of anaerobic digestion of organic solid waste.The findings presented in this paper establish a theoretical basis and offer technical support for the utilization of CCMs in anaerobic digestion applications.