成渝城市群旅游生态安全时空格局演化研究

Study on temporal and spatial pattern evolution of tourism ecological security in Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration

以成渝城市群为例,基于DPSIR模型构建旅游生态安全评价指标体系,综合采用熵权TOPSIS、标准差椭圆、地理探测器等方法分析成渝城市群2006-2019年旅游生态安全的时空变化规律及影响因素。研究发现:(1)时间上,成渝城市群旅游生态安全系数在0.399~0.414之间变化,长期处于敏感期,大部分城市旅游生态安全等级提高缓慢;空间上,成都、重庆为旅游生态安全“双核心”高值区,城市群呈“核心、东部高,核心上下方低”的空间差异。(2)旅游生态安全空间分布格局呈东北-西南走向,移动路径呈“西北→东南→西北”变化趋势。(3)旅游总收入、旅游空间指数、人口密度、园林绿地面积、旅行社数、第三产业占比、城市污水排放总量等是影响旅游生态安全的关键因素,旅游业的“驱动力⁃压力⁃状态⁃影响⁃响应”系统共同作用,推动旅游生态系统健康发展。

Taking Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration as an example,the evaluation index system of tourism ecological security is established based on DPSIR model.Moreover,the temporal and spatial variation rules and influencing factors of tourism ecological security of Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration from 2006 to 2019 are analyzed by comprehensively using entropy weight TOPSIS,standard deviation ellipse and geographic detector.The results show that:(1)In the scale of time,the tourism ecological security coefficient of Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration changed between 0.399 and 0.414,which was in a sensitive state for a long time;In terms of space,Chengdu and Chongqing were high value areas with"double core",showing a spatial difference of"high in core and the East and low above and below the core".(2)The spatial distribution pattern of tourism ecological security was northeast southwest,and the moving path was"Northwest→Southeast→northwest".(3)The key factors affecting tourism ecological security include total tourism income,tourism space index,population density,garden green space area,the number of travel agencies,the proportion of tertiary industry,the total amount of urban sewage discharge and so on.In additional,the tourism was determined by the the combined effects of driving force-pressure-state-influence-response system so as to promote the healthy development of tourism ecosystem.