中国居民休闲参与测度及其制约因素探究

Study on measurement and constraint factors of residents'leisure participation in China

基于中国综合社会调查数据,利用模糊综合评价法对中国居民休闲参与进行测度,并运用地理探测器对其空间分异的制约因素进行研究。结果表明:①2010—2017年中国居民休闲参与指数不断提高。从休闲类型看,除媒体消遣休闲参与略有下降外,其他维度休闲参与均有所改善。②2010—2017年中国居民休闲参与呈现“东部领先、中部一般、西南洼地、西北加速”的发展态势,其中京、津、沪、粤居民休闲参与水平较高,贵、蒙、皖则始终较低。③家庭经济条件、宏观休闲环境是居民休闲参与空间分异的主导制约因素,但制约作用逐渐减弱;休闲设施的制约作用不断强化,成为又一主导制约因素;休闲时间、休闲出行始终是次要制约因素。整体来看,各制约因素存在交互强化作用,说明居民休闲受到经济、社会、环境等多种要素的综合制约。

Taking 28 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)of China as an example,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the geodetector were conducted to measure residents'leisure participation and explore the constraints of spatial differentiation.The results show:(1)During 2010-2017,residents'leisure participation index in the east,middle and west of China has risen,and all dimensions of leisure participation have improved except for media-use leisure participation.(2)The spatial of residents'leisure participation presents a"east,middle,southwest,northwest;leading,average,depressed,accelerating"pattern.(3)Household economic conditions and social leisure environment are the dominant constraints affecting residents'leisure participation,although they are gradually weakening.The constraints on leisure facilities are strengthening and becoming another main constraint,leisure time and leisure transportation are secondary constraints.The interaction among the constraints is stronger than the effect of single constraints.Household economic conditions,social leisure environment,and leisure facilities are dominant interactive factors affecting residents'leisure participation.