钎焊金刚石工具的研究现状与展望

Status and prospects of brazed diamond tools

从钎焊工艺、钎焊料、工具产品和生产自动化4个方面介绍了当前国内外钎焊金刚石工具的研究成果,并在此基础上对钎焊金刚石工具下一步的研究重点进行了展望。详细论述了钎焊温度、保温时间、钎料合金成分对钎焊金刚石的影响。适宜的钎焊温度和保温时间可以保证金刚石/钎料界面发生充分反应,界面结合强度增强,获得较好的钎焊接头质量。添加适量的元素或化合物改进钎料合金成分,可以调控钎料的性能,降低金刚石石墨化和热损伤程度。概括总结了常规钎焊金刚石工具、磨粒有序排布钎焊金刚石工具及细粒度钎焊金刚石工具的发展现状,钎焊金刚石工具具有电镀和烧结金刚石工具无可比拟的优点;金刚石有序排布会提高工具的加工效率和使用寿命,提高磨削表面质量;对细粒度钎焊金刚石工具亟待解决的磨粒等高性和分布均匀性问题的研究进行了概述。

In this paper,the current research status of brazed diamond tools at home and abroad were introduced from four aspects,the brazing technology,brazing alloy,brazed diamond tools and automatic production.The future perspectives in brazed diamond tools were also put forward.The influences of brazing temperature,holding time and alloy composition on the properties of brazing diamond were discussed in detail.Appropriate brazing temperature and holding time could ensure the sufficient reaction at the diamond/brazing material interface,enhance the interface bonding strength,and achieve good brazing joint quality.The appropriate addition of elements or compounds in the brazing alloy could regulate the performance of the brazing alloy,reduce the graphitization of diamond and the thermal damage of diamond.Achievements in the conventional brazed diamond tools,the diamond tools with orderly arrayed abrasive,the brazed fine grain diamond tools were summarized.Compared with electroplated diamond tools and sintered diamond tools,the brazed diamond tools have the unparalleled advantages.The orderly arrangement of diamonds could improve the cutting efficiency and tool lifespan,and improve the surface quality of the workpiece.The research on the urgent issues in fine-grained brazed diamond tools that the uneven distribution of the thickness of the solder layer and the uniformity of the abrasive grains were also summarized.