新型冠状病毒感染患者深静脉血栓发生的相关影响因素:基于706例患者的观察研究

Influential factors associated with the development of deep-vein thrombosis in patients with coronavirus infection:an observational study based on 706 patients

目的探讨和分析新型冠状病毒(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)感染患者深静脉血栓的发生率和危险因素。方法本研究采用观察性研究的方法,收集本院2022年12月1日至2023年3月31日收治的COVID-19感染患者的临床资料,统计患者在住院期间深静脉血栓的发生率。根据在住院期间是否有深静脉血栓形成将患者分为发生深静脉血栓组和未发生深静脉血栓组,并分析COVID-19感染患者深静脉血栓形成的影响因素。结果706例COVID-19感染患者,深静脉血栓形成患者共89例,发生率为12.61%(89/706)。Logistic回归模型分析显示,年龄(OR=4.792,95%CI 2.066~11.116,P<0.01)、低蛋白血症(OR=2.666,95%CI 1.557~4.565,P<0.01)、营养风险(OR=3.66,95%CI 2.109~6.352,P<0.01)、重型感染(OR=2.646,95%CI 1.575~4.447,P<0.01)、肝功能不全(OR=1.986,95%CI 1.183~3.335,P=0.01)是COVID-19患者发生深静脉血栓的高危因素。结论年龄、低蛋白血症、营养不良、重型感染、肝功能不全是COVID-19感染患者发生深静脉血栓的高危因素,提示医务人员应高度重视并对可干预的危险因素进行预防与治疗,以降低深静脉血栓形成的风险。

Objective To investigate and analyze the incidence and risk factors of deep-vein thrombosis in patients with coronavirus(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)infection.Methods In this study,the clinical data of patients with COVID-19 infection admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from December 1,2022 to March 31,2023 were collected using an observational study,and the incidence of deep-vein thrombosis in patients during their hospitalization was counted.The patients were divided into the group with deep-vein thrombosis and the group without deep-vein thrombosis according to whether they had deep-vein thrombosis or not during hospitalization,and the factors influencing deep-vein thrombosis in patients with COVID-19 infection were analyzed.Results There were 706 patients with COVID-19 infection,89 had deep-vein thrombosis,accounting for 12.61%(89/706).Logistic regression model analysis showed that old age(OR=4.792,95%CI 2.066~11.116,P<0.001),hypoproteinemia(OR=2.666,95%CI 1.557~4.565,P<0.001),nutritional risk(OR=3.66,95%CI 2.109~6.352,P<0.001),severe pneumonia(OR=2.646,95%CI 1.575~4.447,P<0.001),and hepatic insufficiency(OR=1.986,95%CI 1.183~3.335,P=0.009)were high risk factors for deep-vein thrombosis in patients with COVID-19.Conclusion Old age,hypoproteinemia,malnutrition,heavy infection,and hepatic insufficiency are high-risk factors for deep-vein thrombosis in patients with COVID-19 infection,suggesting that medical personnel should pay attention to and intervene in the prevention and treatment of intervenable risk factors to reduce the risk of deep-vein thrombosis.