论陆游晚年的“渔隐”诗

A Study of Lu You’s Late Life“Fishing and Seclusion”Poems

陆游晚年创作的诗歌占其存世诗歌的三分之二,其中“渔隐”诗多达100余首。这些“渔隐”诗按照内容可分为渔歌菱唱和渔翁垂钓两大类型。陆游的“渔隐”诗在艺术上对偶工整,诗句更加精炼;用典巧妙,诗歌内涵丰富;风格平淡质朴、含蓄隽永、清新雅致。究其原因,陆游“渔隐”诗受到了其家世、时代和自身经历、“渔隐”诗词传统、儒道思想等的影响。与同时代诗人范成大的“渔隐”诗相比较,陆游“渔隐”诗更显出他在仕隐之间的挣扎与矛盾。

Two thirds of Lu You’s extant poetry were composed in his later years,with over three hundred poems belonging to the“fishing and seclusion”genre,which can be categorized into two main types:“fisherman’s songs and lotus singing”and“fisherman’s contemplation while fishing”.Lu’s“fishing and seclusion”poems exhibit well-structured artistic balance,refined lines,skillful use of allusions,rich poetic depth,and a style characterized by plainness,simplicity,understated elegance,and enduring freshness.The reasons behind this lie in the influence of his family background,the era he lived in,his personal experiences,the traditions of“fishing and seclusion”poetry,as well as Confucian and Daoist philosophies.When compared with contemporaneous poet Fan Chengda’s“fishing and seclusion”poems,Lu’s works particularly highlight his struggles and contradictions between official duties and reclusive inclinations.