层累而成的经典--“绣囊记”故事题材的嬗变

A Historical Accumulation of Classic--Development of Story Theme of Peking Opera The Embroidered Purse

程派名剧《锁麟囊》的故事脚本一般被认为出自焦循所著《剧说》一书中收录的小说《只尘谈》。但实际上,在更早的清代笔记小说《翼駉稗编》和《夜雨秋灯录》中,就分别收录了类似题材的故事《侠报》和《闺侠》。“绣囊记”这一故事题材经此四文本的层累发展渐成经典。此题材嬗变可从以下四点申而论之:从人物姓名设置,可见此题材情节之渐丰;从“贫女之哭”情节发展,可见此题材意蕴之渐深;从文中“儿童”身份的设置,可窥见此题材叙述视角的转变;从富家女“破镜重圆”之契机,可见此题材对其他经典文本的借鉴。

The story script of Cheng’s famous Peking opera“The Embroidered Purse”is generally thought to come from the story“Zhi chen tan”,which is included in the book“Drama Talk”written by Jiao Xun.But in fact,similar stories titled“Xia Bao”and“Gui Xia”have already been recorded in Qing dynasty notes novel“Yi Jiong Bai Bian”and“Ye Yu Qiu Deng Lu”.The story theme of“Embroidery bag”has gradually developed into a classic through the accumulation of these four texts.The evolution of this theme can be summarized from the following four points:from the setting of characters’names,we can see the increasing abundance of plots of this theme;from the plot development of“crying for Poor Girls”,we can see the deepening implication of this theme;from the setting of the identity of“children”in the article,we can see the change of the narrative perspective of this theme;from the opportunity for the rich girl’s reunion with her husband,we can see the theme of the reference to other classic texts.