抑郁症患者心理弹性与自杀意念的关系:领悟社会支持的中介效应

Relationship between psychological resilience and suicidal ideation in patients with depression:mediating effect of perceived social support

目的:评估抑郁症患者心理弹性、自杀意念及领悟社会支持水平,探讨抑郁症患者领悟社会支持在心理弹性与自杀意念的中介效应。方法:选取2021年9月至2022年10月本院收治的196例抑郁症患者为研究组,另选取同期在本院体检的健康志愿者200例为对照组。采用心理弹性量表、自杀意念自评量表、领悟社会支持量表对两组进行评价并比较。应用Pearson相关性分析探讨心理弹性、自杀意念及领悟社会支持三者之间的关系,采用结构方程模型中的路径分析检验领悟社会支持在心理弹性与自杀意念间的中介作用。结果:两组其他支持得分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),研究组力量性、坚韧性、乐观性、家庭支持、朋友支持得分均低于对照组(P<0.05),绝望、乐观、睡眠得分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。抑郁症患者心理弹性与领悟社会支持呈正相关(r=0.621,P<0.05),领悟社会支持与自杀意念呈负相关(r=-0.504,P<0.05),心理弹性与自杀意念呈负相关(r=-0.448,P<0.05);Bootstrap检验结果显示,心理弹性对自杀意念的直接效应为-0.31,间接效应为-0.145,总效应为-0.455,中介效应占比为0.319,占总效应的31.90%。结论:领悟社会支持在抑郁症患者心理弹性与自杀意念间存在部分中介效应。

Objective:To evaluate the level of resilience,suicidal ideation and perceived social support in patients with depression,and explore the mediating effect of perceived social support between resilience and suicidal ideation in patients with depression.Methods:196 depression patients admitted to our hospital from September 2021 to October 2022 were selected as the research group,and 200 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examinations at our hospital were selected as the control group during the same period.The two groups were eveluated and compared using the psychological resilience scale,suicide ideation self assessment scale,and perceived social support scale.Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between psychological resilience,suicidal ideation and perceived social support.Path analysis in structural equation model was used to test the mediating role of perceived social support between psychological resilience and suicidal ideation.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in other support scores between the two groups(P>0.05).The scores of strength,resilience,optimism,family support,and friend support in the reseach group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),while the scores of despair,optimism,and sleep were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Psychological resilience was positively correlated with perceived social support(r=0.621,P<0.01),perceived social support was negatively correlated with suicidal ideation(r=-0.504,P<0.01),and psychological resilience was negatively correlated with suicidal ideation(r=-0.448,P<0.01).Bootstrap test results showed that the direct effect of psychological resilience on suicide ideation was-0.31,the indirect effect was-0.145,the total effect was-0.455,and the proportion of intermediary effect was 0.319,accounting for 31.90%of the total effect.Conclusion:Perceived social support has a partial mediating effect between psychological resilience and suicidal ideation in patients with depression.