护士留职意愿质性研究的Meta整合

Retention intention of nurses:a Meta-synthesis analysis

目的对护士留职意愿的质性研究进行Meta整合,为护士留职策略的制定提供参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Medline、Embase、Web of Science、PsycINFO、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、维普和万方数据库,收集从建库至2023年4月期间关于护士留职意愿的质性研究文献。采用JBI循证卫生保健中心的质性研究质量评价标准及混合方法评价工具进行文献质量评价,并使用Meta整合分析。结果共纳入13项研究,提炼出65个研究结果,归纳为13个新类别,得到4个整合结果,分别是护理专业吸引力(护理专业性、职业发展前景和职业认可度)、护理岗位吸引力(岗位匹配性、岗位稳定性、薪酬水平和家庭工作平衡)、工作环境吸引力(物理环境、与患者和家属的联系、团队合作和氛围、管理)和个人特质(个人特性和内在应对)。结论护士留职意愿对解决护理人力资源短缺问题有重要意义。管理者需要重视影响护士留在护理行业的因素,从护理专业、护理岗位和工作环境等层面制定针对性的策略,以提升护士的留职意愿。

Objective To meta-synthesize the qualitative studies on nurses′retention intention and to provide references for formulation of the strategies favoring nurses′retention intention.Methods The qualitative studies regarding nurses′retention intention were searched in PubMed,Medline,Embase,Web of Science,PsycINFO,SinoMed,CNKI,VIP,and Wanfang databases.The time limit of the retrieval was from the establishment to April 2023.The literature quality was evaluated using the JBI Quality Evaluation Criteria for Qualitative Research or the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool,and Meta-synthesis analysis was applied to integrate the results.Results A total of 13 studies were included,and 65 results were extracted and summarized into 13 new categories,which were factored into 4 integrated results.The 4 integrated results were the appeal of nursing professionalism(nursing professionalism,career prospects,and career recognition),the appeal of nursing job(job matching,job stability,pay levels,and the balance between family and work),the appeal of work environment(physical environment,relationship with patients and families,teamwork,and management),and personality traits(personality characteristics and intrinsic coping).Conclusion Nurses′retention intention is of great significance to solve the shortage of nursing resources.Managers should pay more attention to the factors affecting nurses′retention intention.Targeted strategies should be formulated from such aspects as the nursing professionlism,nursing job,and work environment to improve retention intention.