青少年1型糖尿病患者心理韧性体验的诠释现象学研究

Hermeneutic phenomenological study on resilience experience among adolescents with type 1 diabetes

目的深入了解青少年1型糖尿病患者的心理韧性体验,为临床医护人员制定相应干预策略提供参考。方法采用诠释现象学研究方法,对南京市2所三级甲等医院就诊的15例青少年1型糖尿病患者进行半结构式访谈,使用Benner分析法提炼主题。结果青少年患病后心理韧性体验分为韧性激发、韧性应对和韧性结局3个阶段,可归纳为3个主题,即排斥1型糖尿病,包括疾病管理负担、身体健康威胁、外在形象改变和情感社会孤立;维持正常生活,包括认知重构调情绪和解决问题获发展;获得希望和力量,包括对未来充满希望和创伤后成长。结论医护人员应重视青少年1型糖尿病患者患病过程中的心理韧性体验,针对性地给予引导和干预,以促进其疾病适应和身心健康。

Objective To understand the resilience experience of adolescents with type 1 diabetes,and to provide references for clinical medical staffs to formulate targeted intervention strategies.Methods Semi-structured interviews with 15 adolescents with Type 1 diabetes from two tertiary A hospitals in Nanjing were carried out per hermeneutic phenomenology.Benner′s analysis method was applied to extract themes from the interview data.Results The resilience experience in adolescents after diabetes diagnosis were divided into three stages of generation,coping and outcome,and 3 themes were extracted.Theme 1:reject type 1 diabetes(burden of disease management,physical health threats,changes in body image,and emotional and social isolation);theme 2:maintaining a normal life(cognitive restructuring and emotional regulation,and solving problems and achieving development);Theme 3:gaining hope and strength(hopeful future and post-traumatic growth).Conclusion Endocrinology medical staff should pay attention to the resilience experience of adolescent with type 1 diabetes in the course of illness,and give targeted guidance and intervention to promote their disease adaptation and well-being.