乳腺增生发病机制及中药外用治疗研究现状

Research Progress in the Pathogenesis of Breast Hyperplasia

乳腺增生是乳腺癌的危险因素,其临床症状表现为乳房肿块、乳房疼痛、心烦易怒和月经不调等,近年来,乳腺增生发病率逐年升高且呈现年轻化趋势,症状的不适和癌性恐惧严重影响了患者的生活质量,而目前研究对其发病机制尚不完全明确,目前乳腺增生发病机制的研究多集中在激素刺激、情志失调、miRNA失调、免疫失衡和Wnt信号通路异常激活等方面,常规治疗以激素类药物治疗为主,激素短期疗效确切,但也带来诸多的不良反应,相关研究表明,中药外用治疗乳腺增生疗效优良,同时具有操作简便、见效快且安全性高等优点,因而成为众医家学者的研究重点。该文系统整理国内外相关文献,对相关发病机制及其中药外用治疗的现状进行综述,以期为中医药有效防治乳腺疾病提供更全面的思路与方法。

Breast hyperplasia is a risk factor for breast cancer,and its clinical symptoms include breast lumps,breast pain,irritability,and irregular menstruation.In recent years,the incidence rate of breast hyperplasia has increased year by year and is showing a younger trend.The discomfort of symptoms and fear of cancer have seriously affected the quality of life of patients,but the current research on its pathogenesis is not completely clear,at present,the research on the pathogenesis of breast hyperplasia mostly focuses on hormone stimulation,emotional disorder,miRNA disorder,immune imbalance and abnormal activation of Wnt signal pathway.The conventional treatment is mainly hormone drugs.The short-term effect of hormone is definite,but it also brings many toxic and side effects.Related studies show that the external use of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of breast hyperplasia is effective,simple,quick and safe,Therefore,it has become the research focus of many doctors and scholars.This paper systematically collates the relevant literature at home and abroad,summarizes the relevant pathogenesis and the current situation of external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,in order to provide more comprehensive ideas and methods for the effective prevention and treatment of breast diseases hy traditional Chinese medicine.