X射线与γ射线辐照对悬浮红细胞质量影响的对比研究

A Comparative Study on the Effect of X-ray and γ-ray Irradiation on the Quality of Suspended Red Blood Cells

目的 对比分析经过X射线辐照与γ射线辐照后悬浮红细胞相关质控指标与理化指标的变化,以评估X射线辐照对悬浮红细胞质量的影响。方法 随机留取谷氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)检测不合格,其他检测均合格的2 U悬浮红细胞共49袋,分成两组,按照辐照源分别命名为γ组(21袋)与X组(28袋)。将γ组与X组在采集后第13天进行相应的辐照处理,并将辐照后的血液置于2~6℃血液冷藏冰箱中保存,分别于辐照后第1天、第22天取样测定相应的质量指标。结果辐照后第1天,X组与γ组的溶血率、K~+浓度、Na~+浓度、Cl~-浓度与Ca~(2+)浓度分别为(0.10±0.03)%vs.(0.09±0.06)%、(46.50±7.94) mmol/L vs.(45.03±4.65) mmol/L、(99.44±3.86) mmol/L vs.(100.83±4.79) mmol/L、(68.35±2.79) mmol/L vs.(67.59±1.26) mmol/L、(0.40±0.11) mmol/L vs.(0.43±0.08) mmol/L。辐照后第22天,X组与γ组的溶血率、K~+浓度、Na~+浓度、Cl~-浓度与Ca~(2+)浓度分别为(0.29±0.07)%vs.(0.27±0.06)%、(64.22±4.58)mmol/L vs.(63.05±3.57) mmol/L、(81.50±5.56) mmol/L vs.(81.76±3.91) mmol/L、(68.72±1.97) mmol/L vs.(68.28±1.36) mmol/L、(0.39±0.10) mmol/L vs.(0.41±0.04) mmol/L。对X组与γ组同一保存时间的同一质量指标进行比较,两者均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。随着保存时间的延长,X组与γ组的溶血率与K~+浓度均明显增大,Na~+浓度均显著降低,而Cl~-浓度与Ca~(2+)浓度则无变化。结论 悬浮红细胞经X射线与γ射线辐照后的质控指标与理化指标均无明显差异,基于安全性考虑,X射线辐照仪可完全替代γ射线辐照仪用于制备辐照血液。

Objective To evaluate the impact of X-ray irradiation on the quality of suspended red blood cells by comparing and analyzing the change in quality control indicators and some physicochemical indicators related to suspended red blood cells treated with X-ray irradiation and g-ray irradiation.Methods Totally 49 bags of 2 U suspended red blood cells that failed the glutamate aminotransferase(ALT)test were randomly collected and divided into theγgroup(21 bags)and X group(28 bags)according to the irradiation source.Groupγand group X were subjected to corresponding irradiation treatments on the 13th day after collection,and the irradiated blood samples were stored in a 2~6℃blood refrigerator.Quality indicators of irradiated bloods were measured on the 1st and 22nd days after irradiation,respectively.Results The hemolysis rate,K+concentration,Na+concentration,Cl–concentration,and Ca2+concentration of group X and groupγwere(0.10±0.03)%vs.(0.09±0.06)%,(46.50±7.94)mmol/L vs.(45.03±4.65)mmol/L,(99.44±3.86)mmol/L vs.(100.83±4.79)mmol/L,(68.35±2.79)mmol/L vs.(67.59±1.26)mmol/L,and(0.40±0.11)mmol/L vs.(0.43±0.08)mmol/L on the first day after irradiation,and(0.29±0.07)%vs.(0.27±0.06)%,(64.22±4.58)mmol/L vs.(63.05±3.57)mmol/L,(81.50±5.56)mmol/L vs.(81.76±3.91)mmol/L,(68.72±1.97)mmol/L vs.(68.28±1.36)mmol/L,(0.39±0.10)mmol/L vs.(0.41±0.04)mmol/L on the 22nd day after irradiation.No significant difference(P>0.05)was observed between group X and group g in terms of the same quality indicator at the same storage time.With the prolonged storage time,the hemolysis rate and K+concentration of group X and groupγsignificantly increased,while the Na+concentration significantly decreased and the concentration of Cl–and Ca2+remained unchanged.Conclusion There is no significant difference in the quality control and physicochemical indicators of suspended red blood cells treated with either X-ray orγ-ray irradiation.With safety completely considered,X-ray irradiator could replaceγ-ray irradiator for the preparation of irradiated blood.