2011-2020年我国医务人员肺结核报告发病情况分析

Analysis of the reported incidence and epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis among health-care workers in China,2011-2020

目的分析2011—2020年全国医务人员肺结核报告发病情况及流行特征。方法利用我国2011—2020年肺结核发病监测数据,分析医务人员肺结核报告发病情况和流行特征,计算年均变化趋势。结果全国医务人员肺结核报告发病率呈现先下降后上升的趋势,平均年度变化百分比为-1.1%,从2011年的37.0/10万下降至2015年的30.0/10万,后上升至2020年的33.4/10万。2011—2019年男性肺结核发病的风险是女性的1.02~1.37倍,2020年男性肺结核发病的风险是女性的0.86倍,男性呈现较快下降趋势,平均年度变化百分比为-3.8%。以45~<55岁年龄组为参考,<25岁组、25~<35岁组、55~<60岁组、≥60岁组发病风险分别为4.64倍、1.97倍、1.28倍、1.47倍,35~<45岁组与44~<55岁组差异无统计学意义。我国东中西部医务人员肺结核报告发病率分别为25.0/10万、33.2/10万和44.0/10万,中西部地区分别是东部地区的1.33倍和1.76倍,东中西部平均年度变化百分比分别为-1.2%、-0.2%和-1.6%。结论2011—2020年,我国医务人员肺结核报告发病率总体处于较低水平,但2015年以来出现上升趋势,需加强该群体的结核病防控工作,关注中西部地区的重点省份。同时,还要加强对年轻医务人员进行结核感染控制方面的入职培训和常规培训。

Objective To analyze the reported incidence and epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)among healthcare workers(HCWs)nationwide from 2011 to 2020.Methods The national surveillance data of PTB from 2011 to 2020 were used to analyze the reported incidence and epidemiological characteristics of PTB among HCWs,and the average annual change trends were calculated.Results The reported incidence of PTB among HCWs in China first decreased and then increased,with an average annual percentage change(AAPC)of-1.1%,from 37.0/100000 in 2011 to 30.0/100000 in 2015,and then to 33.4/100000 in 2020.From 2011 to 2019,the risk of PTB in males was 1.02-1.37 times higher than that in females,and in 2020,the risk of PTB in males was 0.86 times higher than that in females.The risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in males showed a rapid downward trend,and the AAPC was-3.8%.Taking the 45-<55 age group as a reference,the risk of PTB in the<25,25-<35,55-<60 and≥60 age groups was 4.64,1.97,1.28 and 1.47 times,respectively.There was no significant difference between the 35-<45 age group and the 44-<55 age group.The reported incidence rates in the eastern,central and western China were 25.0/100000,33.2/100000 and 44.0/100000,respectively.The incidence rates in the central and western China were 1.33 and 1.76 times higher than that in the eastern China,and the AAPCs were-1.2%,-0.2%,and-1.6%in the eastern,central,and western China,respectively.Conclusions From 2011 to 2020,the reported incidence of PTB among HCWs in China was generally at a low level,but there was an upward trend since 2015.It is necessary to strengthen TB prevention and control among this group,especially focusing on key provinces in the central and western China.At the same time,it is necessary to strengthen the entry-level and routine training for young HCWs in TB infection control.