传统村落的景观基因评价研究——以重庆市石柱县土家族传统村落为例

Landscape Gene Evaluation of Traditional Villages:A Case Study of Tuija Traditional Villages in Shizhu County,Chongqing

文章以重庆石柱县土家族传统村落为研究对象,综合德尔菲法(Delphi)、层次分析法(AHP)、模糊综合评价法(FCE)等研究方法,构建传统村落景观基因综合评价体系,对石柱土家族传统村落景观基因进行综合评价,客观理解乡村聚落景观因子的重要性。结果表明:气温、山脉、水系、林地资源等指标的评价较高,平均分在4分以上;而坡度、耕地资源、单体布局、宗族文化、生活习俗、色彩装饰等指标的评价较低,平均分低于3.5分;指标协调度的总体评分也低,平均分低于2.1分。根据评价结果将传统村落分为三级,并提出针对性的保护与发展策略。

Taking the Tujia traditional villages in Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County of Chongqing as the research object,the paper uses the methods of Delphi,AHP and FCE to construct a comprehensive evaluation system for traditional villages' landscape genes and carry out comprehensive landscape genes evaluation in the traditional villages in Shizhu,in order to objectively understand the importance of landscape factors to rural settlements.The results indicate that the indicators such as temperature,mountain ranges,water systems and forest resources are relatively highly scored,averagely above 4,while the indicators such as slope,cultivable land resources,individual layout,clan culture,living customs and color decoration are relatively lowly scored,lower than 3.5 on average,and the overall score of indicator coordination is also low,less than 2.1 on average.Based on the evaluation results,the traditional villages are divided into 3 levels,and targeted protection and development strategies are proposed accordingly.