民居形式的转译与转义——对比云南民族博物馆和拉普兰萨米博物馆

Trope and Translation of Residential Forms:Comparing the Yunnan Nationalities Museum and the Lapland Sami Museum

中国云南民族博物馆与芬兰拉普兰萨米博物馆分别是20世纪90年代在不同地域建成的两座民族博物馆,分析二者在民族性和地方性建筑形式表达上的主要差异,将其概括为类型化的转译与现象化的转义。前者以内生性的文脉与符号为基础,抽象转译了云南民居的意象,在形式上导向了风格地域主义;后者以外生性的复合感官为基础,投射了萨米民居的日常意象与自然物性,在形式上拓展了当地的地域主义内涵。回顾20世纪末对民居建筑形式借鉴与传承的两种探索,在当今的地方本土建筑创作中具有启发意义。

The Yunnan Nationalities Museum in China and the Finnish Lapland Sami Museum are two ethnic museums built at both ends of the World Island in the 1990s.After analyzing the main differences in the expression of national and local architectural forms between the two,they are summarized as typified Translation and phenomenological escapism.Based on the endogenous psychological senses,the former abstractly translated the image of Yunnan folk houses,leading to postmodernism in form;the latter was based on the exogenous compound senses,concretely projected the image of Sami folk houses,and expand the connotation of local regionlism in form.As two explorations on the reference and inheritance of residential architectural forms at the end of the 20 century,it is of enlightening significance in the creation of local architecture today.