新疆口岸进口亚麻籽油中关键挥发性成分的研究

Study on Key Volatile Components in Imported Flaxseed Oil from Xinjiang Port

本研究以新疆口岸进境的哈萨克斯坦产棕皮亚麻籽及未经化学改性的压榨亚麻籽毛油为试验样品,采用顶空固相微萃取技术萃取挥发性成分,气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析鉴定亚麻籽油中的挥发性成分,鉴定出冷榨亚麻籽油中挥发性组分:醇类>醛类>酸类>烷烯类>酮类>杂环类>酯类,主要挥发性成分有正己醇、正戊醇、正己醛、E,E-3,5-辛二烯-2-酮、正己酸、2-戊基呋喃等;鉴定出经150℃烤籽的亚麻籽油中挥发性组分:杂环类>醇类>醛类>酮类>烷烯类>酸类>酯类,主要挥发性成分有2,5-二甲基吡嗪、2-甲基吡嗪、2-乙基-5-甲基吡嗪、吡咯、Z-6-辛烯-2-酮、E,E-2,4-庚二烯醛等,应用建立的方法对未经化学改性的哈萨克斯坦产压榨亚麻籽毛油挥发性成分进行分析鉴定比对。研究发现,哈萨克斯坦亚麻籽油采用两种工艺(冷榨工艺和低于120℃炒籽压榨工艺)获得,保留了亚麻籽油的天然风味,更有益于人体健康。研究结果可为哈萨克斯坦亚麻籽油品质鉴定、归类化验及溯源提供技术支持。

This study used brown flaxseed from Kazakhstan imported at the Xinjiang port and unchemically modified pressed raw flaxseed oil were used as test samples.Volatile components were extracted using headspace solid-phase microextraction and analyzed and identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The identified volatile components in cold-pressed flaxseed oil were in the following order:alcohols aldehydes acids alkenes ketones heterocycles esters.The main volatile components were hexanol,pentanol,hexanal,E,E-3,5-octadien-2-one,hexanoic acid,and 2-pentyl furan.For flaxseed oil from seeds roasted at 150°C,the volatile components identified were:heterocycles alcohols aldehydes ketones alkenes acids esters.The primary volatiles include 2,5-dimethylpyrazine,2-methylpyrazine,2-ethyl-5-methylpyrazine,pyrrole,Z-6-octen-2-one,and E,E-2,4-heptadienal.Using the established method,the volatile components of unchemically modified pressed raw flaxseed oil from Kazakhstan were analyzed and identified.The research revealed that the Kazakhstan flaxseed oil was obtained using two processes(cold pressing and roasting at temperatures below 120°C).The natural flavor was retained in flaxseed oil,Better for human health.The study results can provide technical support for the quality identification,classification testing,and traceability of Kazakhstan flaxseed oil.