从张志聪三注《伤寒论》论六经气化学说的形成

On the Formation of the Theory of Qi Transformation of Six Meridians from ZHANG Zhicong's Three Notes on Treatise on Febrile Diseases

[目的]从张志聪三次注释《伤寒论》探究六经气化学说的形成过程,为更好地理解与运用六经气化学说提供理论参考。[方法]通过研读《伤寒论宗印》《伤寒论纲目》《伤寒论集注》中有关气化学说的条文,对比分析其中的异同,并旁参张志聪六经气化学说的相关文献,结合张志聪所处的时代背景,从六气循行的构建、传经难题的解释以及伤寒证候的机要三个方面来解析张志聪六经气化学说的形成过程,并挖掘其理论价值。[结果]六经气化学说的提出基于《黄帝内经》运气理论,顺应了《伤寒论》治百病的时代要求。张志聪对《伤寒论》进行了三次注释,建立了较为完备的六气运转系统,创人之六气循行;阐明了传经学术难题,形成了六气传变理论;整体阐发了脉证病机,合理解释了伤寒病症。六经气化学说认为六经即六气,强调六经病的气化病机,为《伤寒论》治百病提供了坚实的理论基础。[结论]张志聪经过反复思辨,形成了六经气化学说,对后世医家影响深远。探究该学说的形成过程与价值,有助于推动钱塘医派和中医学的发展。

[Objective]To explore the formation process of the Qi transformation of Six meridians theory from ZHANG Zhicong's three notes on Treatise on Febrile Diseases,and to provide theoretical reference for better understanding and application of the Qi transformation of six meridians theory.[Methods]By studying the provisions on the theory of Qi transformation in Confirmed Explains on Treatise on Febrile Disease,Compendium of Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Notes to Treatise on Febrile Diseases,comparing and analyzing the similarities and differences,and referring to the relevant literature of ZHANG Zhicong's Qi transformation of six meridians theory,combined with the background of ZHANG Zhicong's era,the formation process of ZHANG Zhicong's Qi transformation of six meridians theory was analyzed from three aspects:the construction of six Qi circulation,the interpretation of meridian transmission problems and the mechanism of febrile disease syndrome.[Results]The Qi transformation of six meridians theory is based on the theory of Yunqi of Huangdi Neijing,which conforms to the requirements of the era of Treatise on Febrile Diseases.ZHANG Zhicong made three annotations on Treatise on Febrile Diseases and established a relatively complete six atmospheric operation system,created people's six Qi circulation;elucidated the academic difficulties of meridian transmission and form the six Qi transmission theory;comprehensively elucidated the pathogenesis of pulse syndromes and reasonably explained the syndrome of Treatise on Febrile Diseases.The Qi transformation of six meridians theory believes that the six meridians are the six Qi,emphasizes the Qi transformation mechanism of six meridians disease and provides a solid theoretical basis for the treatment of all diseases by analyzing the pathogenesis of Treatise on Febrile Diseases.[Conclusion]After repeated speculation,ZHANG Zhicong formed the Qi transformation of six meridians theory,which has far-reaching influence on later doctors.Exploring the formation process and value of this theory will help promote the development of Qiantang school of medicine and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).