浙江省历史文化村落空间格局识别与影响因素研究

Research on the Space Pattern Identification and Influencing Factors of Historical and Cultural Villages in Zhejiang Province

文章以浙江省1766个历史文化村落为研究对象,运用计量地理方法与GIS空间分析研究历史文化村落空间格局及其影响因素。结果表明:1)浙江省历史文化村落在空间上表现为凝聚分布,地区分布不均衡,西南部远多于其他区域,形成丽水南部、杭衢金三市交界、丽水北金华西南交界3个高密度分布区,具有边缘化特征;2)村落多数离散分布于平原、丘陵地区,少数集聚分布于山地地区,具有向阴性,沿河分布趋势显著;3)村落分布具有低经济发展水平、中等人口密度、地域文化多样性指向;4)地理探测器结果显示,坡向对村落空间分异的解释力最强;5)自然环境因素在村落形成初期主导了村落的整体空间格局,而人文社会因素作为驱动因素影响着后期村落的发展演化、规模特色等。

Taking 1766 historical and cultural villages in Zhejiang Province as the research objects,this paper studys the spatial pattern and influencing factors of historical and cultural villages using the methods of quantitative geography and GIS spatial analysis.The results show that:1) The spatial distribution of historical and cultural villages in Zhejiang Province is condensed and uneven.The quantities of villages in southwest of Zhejiang Province is far more than other regions,forming three high-density distribution areas,namely,the south of Lishui,the junction of Hangzhou,Quzhou and Jinhua,and the junction of north Lishui and southwest Jinhua,which have the characteristics of marginalization.2) Most of the villages are distributed discretely in plain and hilly areas,while a few are clustered in mountainous areas,showing a negative trend and a significant trend along the river.3) The distribution of villages points to low economic development level,medium population density and regional cultural diversity.4) The results of geographical detector show that the slope aspect has the strongest explanatory power for village spatial differentiation.5) Natural environmental factors dominated the overall spatial pattern of villages in the early stage of village formation,while humanistic and social factors,as driving factors,affected the development,evolution and scale characteristics of villages in the later stage.