某初教机驾驶舱声学环境分析与改进

Analysis and Improvement of Acoustic Environment of a Primary Training Aircraft Cockpit

为评估并改善螺旋桨航空器产生的巨大噪声对培训类飞行训练效率和对飞行学员与飞行教员的身心健康的影响,以某初教机为研究对象,建立驾驶舱的声腔有限元简化模型,并进行声腔模态分析和声学响应分析。分析发现,前后排座椅的人耳处在140 Hz和230 Hz时出现明显的声压峰值,且这两个声压峰值频率与声腔模态的第3阶和第10阶频率相一致,从而引起飞行学员和飞行教员明显的压耳感。通过将座椅沿机身纵向向后平移150 mm,这两个频率处的声压峰值均得到明显降低,改善了驾驶舱人耳处的声学环境,提高了人体舒适性。

In order to evaluate and improve the influence of the huge noise generated by propeller aircraft on the efficiency of training flight and the physical and mental health of flight students and flight instructors,a simplified finite element model of the sound cavity in the cockpit was established,and modal analysis and acoustic response analysis of the sound cavity were carried out.It is found that there are obvious sound pressure peaks at 140 Hz and 230 Hz in the ears of the front and rear seats,and the frequencies of these two sound pressure peaks are consistent with the third and tenth order frequencies of the acoustic cavity mode,thus causing obvious ear pressure forflight students and flight instructors.By moving the seat back 150 mm along the longitudinal direction of the fuselage,the peak sound pressure at these two frequencies is obviously reduced,thus improving the acoustic environment at the cockpit ear and improving human comfort.