青少年近视配戴角膜塑形镜对眼轴和角膜内皮细胞以及中央角膜厚度的影响

目的研究青少年近视配戴角膜塑形镜对眼轴和角膜内皮细胞以及中央角膜厚度的影响。方法选取2022年1~12月在本院眼视光中心经行角膜塑形术的8~16岁青少年近视80例(160只眼)为研究对象,纳入观察组,同时收集同时期90例(180只眼)配戴普通框架眼镜者为对照组。观察两组戴镜前,戴镜后3个月、6个月的眼轴情况,对两组数据进行统计分析,同时对观察组戴镜前、戴镜后3个月、6个月的角膜内皮细胞和中央角膜厚度进行比较。结果观察组配戴OK镜3个月后眼轴(24.41±0.58)mm,对照组配戴普通框架3个月后眼轴(24.50±0.69)mm,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组配戴OK镜6个月后眼轴(24.43±0.45)mm,对照组配戴普通框架眼镜6个月后眼轴(24.59±0.58)mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。角膜内皮细胞计测定角膜内皮细胞和中央角膜厚度:配戴OK镜前为(2925.34±195.62)个/mm^(2)和(535.45±35.65)μm,戴镜后3个月为(2944.61±188.79)个/mm^(2)和(538.16±30.27)μm,戴镜后6个月为(2934.27±200.35)个/mm^(2)和(540.23±28.13)μm,三组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论青少年配戴普通框架镜和OK镜后眼轴长度均有增长,短期3个月内两组眼轴增加相差不大,但配戴OK镜>6个月后眼轴长度增长放慢。OK镜可以有效控制近视青少年患者眼轴增长,配戴OK镜对角膜内皮细胞和中央角膜厚度无影响。

Objective To study the effect of wearing orthokeratology(OK)lens on the ocular axis,corneal endothelium cells and central corneal thickness in juvenile myopia.Methods 80 cases(160 eyes)of myopia in adolescents aged 8~16 years old who wearing OK lens at the Optometry Center of our hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected as the study objects,and were included in the study group.At the same time,90 cases(180 eyes)who wore ordinary frame glasses were collected as the control group.Observed the ocular axis of the two groups before,3 months and 6 months after wearing the glasses,and statistically analyzed the data of the two groups.At the same time,compared the corneal endothelial cells and central corneal thickness of the study group before,3 months and 6 months after wearing the glasses.Results The axial length of the eyes in the study group was(24.41±0.58)mm after wearing OK lenses for 3 months,the eye axis of the control group was(24.50±0.69)mm after wearing the common frame for 3 months,and there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The eye axis of the study group was(24.43±0.45)mm after 6 months of wearing OK lens,the eye axis of the control group was(24.59±0.58)mm after 6 months of wearing the common frame,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Corneal endothelial cells and central corneal thickness measured by corneal endotheliometer:(2925.34±195.62)pieces/mm^(2)and(535.45±35.65)μm before wearing OK lens,(2944.61±188.79)pieces/mm^(2)and(538.16±30.27)μm 3 months after wearing glasses.(2934.27±200.35)pieces/mm^(2)and(540.23±28.13)μm 6 months after wearing glasses.There was no significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion The axial length of the eyes of adolescents wearing ordinary frame glasses and OK glasses increases.There is no significant difference between the two groups in the short term of 3 months,but the axial length of the eyes increases more slowly after wearing OK lens for more than 6 months.OK lens can effectively control the growth of ocular axis in juvenile myopic patients.Wearing OK lens has no effect on corneal endothelial cells and central corneal thickness.