完善市场经济基础制度研究

Research on Improving the Basic System of Market Economy

推进中国式现代化需要高标准市场经济制度,关键是完善市场经济的基础性制度。完善产权保护制度不只是保护所有权,还要保护产权结构中分割和分离出的各种产权权益。其意义在于激发多种所有制经济的活力,强化产权激励功能,促进资产在流转中提高效率,支持创新驱动经济发展。市场准入主要涉及两方面问题:一是有市场可入;二是进入市场无限制,既无市场垄断,也无行政垄断,还没有所有制歧视。建设全国统一大市场。完善公平竞争制度,关键在于竞争有序,不能让机会主义行为在无序竞争中获利。反市场垄断不是简单反对垄断组织的形成,而是需要反对垄断性企业利用垄断地位所实施的各种阻碍竞争的垄断行为以及不正当竞争行为。完善社会信用制度主要涉及制度性信用和道德性信用,两者相辅相成,两者的结合就是社会信用体系。完善社会信用治理制度,尤其是金融监管,不仅需要宏观审慎,还需要微观审慎。社会信用制度建设需要利用数字经济条件下的技术手段。

Promoting Chinese-style modernization requires a high-standard market economy system,and the key is to im-prove the basic system of the market economy.Improvement of the property rights protection system not only protects ownership,but also protects the various property rights and interests divided and separated in the property rights structure.The significance of this is to stimulate the vitality of multiple ownership economies,strengthen the incentive function of property rights,promote the efficiency of assets in circulation,and support innovation-driven economic development.There are two main aspects of mar-ket access:First,there are markets to enter.Second,there are no restrictions on market access,there are neither market monopo-lies nor administrative monopolies,and there is no discrimination in terms of ownership.The key to building a unified national market and improving the fair competition system lies in orderly competition,so that opportunistic behavior cannot be allowed to profit from disorderly competition.Anti-market monopoly is not simply to oppose the form of monopoly organization,but needs to oppose all kinds of monopoly behaviors that impede competition as well as unfair competition behaviors committed by monopolis-tic enterprises taking advantage of their monopoly status.Improving the social credit system mainly involves institutional credit and moral credit,which complement each other,and the combination of the two is the social credit system.Improving the social credit governance system,especially financial regulation,requires not only macroprudence but also microprudence.The construc-tion of a social credit system needs to utilize technological means under the conditions of the digital economy.