孤独症谱系障碍儿童的潜在类别及其与语言能力的关系

Potential Categories of Children with Autism and Their Relationship to Language Abilities

目的:探索孤独症谱系障碍儿童的潜在类别,并根据语言障碍对不同亚组的影响,为不同类别的孤独症谱系障碍儿童提供更具体的教学干预目标。方法:采用社会反应量表、重复行为量表-修订版、孤独症行为量表的语言分量表对227名孤独症儿童进行调查。结果:(1)孤独症谱系障碍存在4个潜在类别:中度社交障碍组、重度社交障碍组、中度孤独症表现组和重度孤独症表现组;(2)年龄对孤独症症状严重程度的影响显著;(3)语言能力对孤独症核心症状具有一定的预测作用。相较无重复刻板行为的中度和重度社交障碍组,语言障碍程度越高,越可能发展成为社交障碍和重复刻板行为并存的中度和重度孤独症表现组。结论:语言能力不同的孤独症亚组,其核心症状表现也不相同,亟需的教学干预目标也应不同。

OBJECTIVE:To explore potential categories of children with autism spectrum disorders(ASD)and to target more specific instructional interventions for different categories of ASD based on the impact of language disorders on different subgroups.METODS:227 children with autism were investigated using the Social Responsiveness Scale,the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised,and the language subscale of the Autism Behavior Scale.RESULTS:(1)Four potential categories of autism spectrum disorders existed:a moderate social disorder group,a severe social disorder group,a moderate autism performance group,and a severe autism performance group;(2)age had a significant effect on symptom severity in autism;and(3)language abilitiess were predictive of core autism symptoms.Compared to the moderate and severe socially impaired group without repetitive stereotypical behaviors,the higher the level of language impairment,the more likely it was to develop into the moderate and severe autism presentation group with coexisting social impairment and repetitive behaviors.CONCLUSIONS:Autism subgroups with varying language abilities have different core symptom profiles and should have different targets for much-needed instructional interventions.