阅读障碍儿童单模态及跨模态时间敏感性及其对阅读解码的影响

Unimodal and Cross-Modal Temporal Sensitivity in Children with Dyslexia and Its Impacts on Reading Decoding

解码困难是阅读障碍的主要特征。时间敏感性缺陷可能是导致解码困难的原因之一。本研究采用视觉、听觉和视听跨模态时间顺序判断任务,比较了3~5年级阅读障碍和典型发展儿童时间敏感性的差异,探索了单模态和跨模态时间敏感性影响阅读流畅性的路径模型。结果发现:(1)阅读障碍儿童的视觉时间敏感性,以及视觉刺激先于听觉刺激呈现(VA顺序)时的视听跨模态时间敏感性显著落后于典型发展儿童;(2)儿童的视觉时间敏感性能直接预测阅读流畅性;并能通过VA顺序下的视听跨模态时间敏感性和颜色命名的多中介作用间接预测阅读流畅性,表明儿童的时间敏感性通过语义路径间接影响阅读流畅性。在开展阅读障碍的筛查和干预时,儿童的时间敏感性缺陷应引起关注。

Difficulty in decoding is a major characteristic of dyslexia.Temporal sensitivity deficits may contribute to decoding difficulties.In the study,visual,auditory,and audiovisual cross-modal temporal order judgment(TOJ)tasks were used to detect the differences in temporal sensitivity between the children with dyslexia and their typically developing peers in grades 3 to 5.The path model of unimodal and cross-modal temporal sensitivity affects reading fluency was explored.The results showed that(1)the visual temporal sensitivity and audiovisual cross-model temporal sensitivity in VA order of children with dyslexia significantly lagged behind that of the typically developing children.(2)The visual temporal sensitivity of children was a direct predictor of reading fluency,and it also indirectly predicted reading fluency through the multimodal effects of audiovisual cross-modal temporal sensitivity and color naming in VA order,suggesting that children's emporal sensitivity indirectly affects reading fluency through semantic pathways.When conducting screening and intervention for children with dyslexia,their temporal sensitivity deficits should be of concern.