清代样式雷家族教育研究及工匠精神启示

Study on Yangshi Lei’s Family Education in the Qing Dynasty and Its Artisan Spirit Inspiration

清代样式雷的家族教育与工匠人才培养,一方面为现代工匠人才培育提供了经验指导,另一方面为现代工匠精神传承提供了教育启迪。通过资料研究解读了样式雷家族独有的四大工匠成就,探寻了其家族教育与工匠人才培养的三个方面,分析家族教育带给样式雷的双重影响,从而总结其家族教育所蕴含的现代工匠精神启示。通过研究总结出样式雷家族耕读传家、图档收藏、掌案任用、烫样制作所带来的四大工匠成就,梳理其家族特色的家庭教育理念、家族教育机制、家风教育文化,这也为样式雷立足于清代样式房带来良好的职业土壤与职业地位。同时通过归纳分析样式雷家族教育的特质,从中得到其工匠手艺传承与追求、工匠技艺更新与发展、工匠技能忠诚与敬畏的现代工匠精神启示,为当代工匠传承提供一定的历史借鉴,也为相关研究提供一定的理论思考。

The family education and craftsmen talent training of Yangshi Lei(Lei's family of royal architectural design) in the Qing Dynasty provides not only the experience guidance for the craftsmen training,but also the educational inspiration for the contemporary inheritance of artisan spirit.Based on the data research,this paper interprets four distinct artisan achievements of Lei's family,explores three aspects of its family education and craftsmen training,and analyzes the dual influence of the family education on Yangshi Lei,hence the summary of the contemporary inspiration of the artisan spirit contained in the family education.The research identifies four major achievements made by Lei's family,such as the handing-down family tradition of part-time learning and part-time farming,the collection of drawing archives,the appointment of chief designers and the architectural modeling.It also sorts out the education concepts with family characteristics,the family education mechanism and the educational culture with family tradition,which also brought good occupational soil and professional status for Lei's family to establish itself in Yangshifang(a specialized design agency for royal architectural styles) in the Qing Dynasty.From an inductive analysis of the traits of Lei's family education,the paper draws inspiration for the modern artisan spirit,that is,the inheritance and pursuit of craftsmanship,the renovation and development of craftsman's artistry,the loyalty and reverence for the craftsman's skill.This provides a certain historical reference for the inheritance of contemporary craftsmen,as well as some theoretical thought for the relevant research as well.