2013—2020年马鞍山市蝇类组成及多样性分析

Species composition and diversity of flies in Ma’anshan City from 2013 to 2020

目的了解马鞍山市蝇类组成、多样性和季节消长,为防治工作提供参考。方法采用笼诱法开展蝇类监测,采用SPSS 25.0进行数据处理和分析。结果2013—2020年监测周期内,在马鞍山市共布放捕蝇笼1350笼,捕获蝇类8552只,平均蝇类密度为6.33只/笼,月平均密度7月达到最高为11.43只/笼。共鉴定出3科7属10种蝇类。蝇类优势种为家蝇(40.69%)、丝光绿蝇(24.29%)、铜绿蝇(15.05%)和棕尾别麻蝇(13.21%)。不同生境之间蝇类多样性指数(Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数、Pielou指数)均有显著差异(P<0.05)。不同季节之间蝇类多样性指数也均有差异显著(P<0.05),其中物种数差异显著(P<0.05)、蝇类数量差异显著(P<0.05)、Shannon-Wiener指数差异显著(P<0.05)。结论农贸市场是马鞍山市蝇类防治的重点场所,建议开展以环境治理为基础的综合防治措施。

Objective To understand the composition,diversity and seasonal fluctuation of flies in Ma’anshan City,so as to provide reference for the control work.Methods Flies were monitored with the cage trapping,and the data were processed and analyzed with SPSS 25.0.Results From 2013 to 2020,1350 fly cages were placed in Ma’anshan City,and 8552 flies were captured with the average density as 6.33 flies per cage.The highest monthly average density took place in July as much as 11.43 flies per cage.The flies captured were identified,belonging to 10 species,7 genera,3 families.The dominant fly species were Musca domestica(40.69%),Lucillia sericata(24.29%),Lucillia cuprina(15.05%)and Boettcherisca peregrina(13.21%).There were significant differences in Shannon-Wiener index(P<0.05),Simpson index(P<0.05),and Pielou index(P<0.05)among habitats.There were significant differences in the number of flies(P<0.05),the number of flies(P<0.05),and Shannon-Wiener index(P<0.05)among seasons.Conclusion The farmer’s markets were key places for fly control in Ma’anshan City.It was recommended to carry out comprehensive control measures based on environmental management.