宿州市蝇类构成及其密度调查

Investigation on composition and density of flies in Suzhou City

目的了解宿州市蝇类组成、密度和季节消长,为防治工作提供技术支撑。方法2019—2021年每年4—11月,在宿州市选取4种生境,采用笼诱法对蝇类开展监测。采用SPSS 25.0进行数据处理和分析。结果3年监测周期内,在宿州市共布放捕蝇笼289笼,捕获蝇类3069只,蝇类密度为10.62只/笼,共鉴定出3科5属8种。2019年蝇类优势种为家蝇(63.92%)和市蝇(20.25%);2020年蝇类优势种为家蝇(57.32%)和棕尾别麻蝇(13.66%)。不同生境蝇类密度不同,从高到低依次为农贸市场、餐饮外环境、绿化带和居民区;2019年蝇类密度曲线呈现双峰型(5月和10月),2020年和2021年蝇类密度曲线均为单峰型,分别于5月和7月达到高峰。宿州市蝇类密度与当地平均高温呈显著正相关(r=0.421,P<0.05),与平均温度、平均低温之间相关性不显著。结论餐饮外环境是目前宿州市蝇类防治的重点场所,建议开展以环境治理为基础的综合防治措施。

Objective To understand the composition,density and seasonal fluctuation of flies in Suzhou City,and to provide technical support for control work.Methods From April to November in 2019,2020 and 2021,four habitats were selected in Suzhou City for flies monitoring by cage trapping method.The data were processed and analyzed with SPSS 25.0.Results In the three years,289 fly cages were placed in Suzhou City,and 3069 flies were captured with the average density of flies as 10.62 flies/cage.A total of 8 species of flies belonging to 5 genera,3 families were identified.The dominant fly species were Musca domestica(63.92%)and Musca sorbens(20.25%)in 2019,and Musca domestica(57.32%)and Boettcherisca peregrina(13.66%)in 2020.The density of flies varied with habitats,the highest in farmers’markets,followed by catering environment,green belts and residential areas.In 2019,the fly density curves showed a bimodal pattern,one peak in May and the other in October.In 2020 and 2021,the curves showed a unimodal pattern,the peak in May for 2020 and in July for 2021.The density of flies in Suzhou City was significantly positively correlated with local average high temperature(r=0.421,P<0.05),but not significantly correlated with average temperature and average low temperature.Conclusion The external environment of catering is the key place for fly control in Suzhou City.It is recommended to carry out comprehensive control measures based on environmental management.