跨尺度数字心脏模型在遗传性心脏病中的应用

Multi-scale Digital Heart Modeling in Inherited Heart Disease

遗传性心脏病是由基因突变引起的心脏疾病,是恶性心律失常和心源性猝死的重要诱因.传统生物医学研究方法往往只能从分子或细胞水平研究基因突变引起的微观心脏电生理功能改变,难以全面探究心脏疾病的发生机制和治疗方案.跨尺度数字心脏模型是一种将离子通道、细胞、组织和器官水平的信息整合起来的心脏计算模型.借助数字心脏模型,可在微观层次拟合复现实验观测,并在宏观层次模拟心脏的电生理活动和机械运动、推演疾病发生过程,从而更好地理解遗传性心脏病的发病机制和心律失常的机制.本文介绍了跨尺度心脏模型在长QT综合征、短QT综合征、Brugada综合征这三种典型遗传性心脏病中的应用.

Inherited heart disease is a heart disorder caused by genetic mutations.It is an important trigger for malignant arhythmias and sudden cardiac death.Traditional biomedical methods only study the microscopic cardiac electrophysiological function changes at the molecular or cellular level,which makes it difficult to comprehensively explore the mechanisms of cardiac diseases and therapeutic options.A multi-scale digital cardiac model is a computational model of the heart that integrates information at the ion channel,cell,tissue,and organ levels.Digital hearts can be fitted to reproduce experimental observations at the microscopic level and simulate electrophysiological and mechanical activities,deducing the disease process at the macroscopic level,thus leading a better understanding of the pathogenesis of inherited heart diseases and the mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias.This review describes the application of multi-scale digital hearts in three typical genetic heart diseases,namely long QT syndrome,short QT syndrome,and Brugada syndrome.