运用风药治疗恶性血液病经验撷英

Experience in using wind medicines to treat malignant hematological diseases

急性白血病、淋巴瘤和多发性骨髓瘤是临床常见的恶性血液病,具有病因复杂、病位深疴、病情顽固、变化多端、难以根治等临床特征。中医药治疗该类疾患积累了丰富经验,显示出一定优势,但临床疗效仍有待提高。在长期临床实践基础上,根据中医风邪致病理论,将风药应用于恶性血液病的中医临床诊疗,形成了理论特色,可提高临床疗效。风邪入里滞留是恶性血液病发生和进展的重要原因,气滞、痰湿、瘀血、癌毒是恶性血液病过程中的关键病理产物。风药能通关达窍,兼开郁、化痰、涤饮、行水、胜湿、化瘀、解毒,契合恶性血液病复杂的病机特点。临证中常用麻黄、桂枝、柴胡、僵蚕、刺蒺藜、升麻、葛根、金银花、连翘、细辛、白芷、羌活、独活等,可以祛风散邪,对恶性血液病正虚、气滞、痰凝、血瘀、癌毒等病理因素均具有干预作用。

Acute leukemia,lymphoma and multiple myeloma are the most common malignant hematological diseases in clinical practice,with clinical characteristics such as complex etiology,deep disease location,stubborn conditions,multiple transmissions,and difficulty in radical treatment.Traditional Chinese medicine has accumulated rich experience and shown certain advantages in treating this type of diseases,but its clinical efficacy still needs to be improved.On the basis of long-term clinical practice,based on the theory of pathogenic wind in traditional Chinese medicine,wind medicines have been applied to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of malignant hematological diseases,which has developed into a theoretical characteristics and can improve clinical efficacy.The retention of wind pathogens in the interior is an important reason for the occurrence and progression of malignant hematological diseases,and qi stagnation,phlegm dampness,blood stasis,and cancer toxin are the key pathological products in malignant hematological diseases.Wind medicines can clear the meridians and reach the orifices,as well as relieve depression,dissolve phlegm,resolve fluids,promote water circulation,prevail over dampness,dissipate blood stasis,and detoxify,which is in line with the complex pathogenesis characteristics of malignant hematological diseases.This paper introduces the commonly used wind herbs in clinical practice and their curative effects,such as dispelling wind pathogen,having a preventive effect on pathological factors such as deficiency of vital energy,qi stagnation,phlegm coagulation,blood stasis,and cancer toxin in malignant hematological diseases.