新型冠状病毒感染中医药干预后恢复期症状及生存质量研究

Study on symptoms and quality of life in the recovery period of patients after TCM intervention in novel coronavirus infection

目的通过对新型冠状病毒感染患者实施中医康复方案后期仍存在的症状进行分析,调查其转阴后生存质量的变化,评价中医药干预的影响。方法对长春北湖奥体中心篮球馆方舱医院新型冠状病毒感染轻型的240例患者,采用不同的中医治疗方案,出院后3个月进行随访,通过新型冠状病毒感染出院患者后遗症状测评表、生存质量测定量表简表(QOL-BREF)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)等方法进行调查研究。结果后遗症状测评表显示,寒湿疫方组呼吸系统后遗症状占8.33%、循环系统后遗症状占4.16%、神经系统后遗症状占25.00%、消化系统后遗症状占1.67%、精神心理障碍后遗症状占14.17%、泌尿系统后遗症状占6.67%。连花清瘟颗粒组呼吸系统后遗症状占10.00%、循环系统后遗症状占5.00%、神经系统后遗症状占21.66%、消化系统后遗症状占3.33%、精神心理障碍后遗症状占11.67%、泌尿系统后遗症状占8.33%。患者QOL-BREF量表显示,寒湿疫方组在心理状况、社会功能、环境状况方面评分高于连花清瘟颗粒组,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。SAS量表显示,寒湿疫方组焦虑状态者18例,连花清瘟颗粒组焦虑状态12例;SDS量表显示,寒湿疫方组患者中出现抑郁状态者10例,连花清瘟颗粒组患者中出现抑郁状态者达12例,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论新型冠状病毒感染康复患者出院3个月后仍存在明显的后遗症状,主要表现为乏力、咳嗽、头晕、头痛、焦虑、抑郁等,中医康复方案可明显减轻患者后遗症状,特别是在焦虑、抑郁状态的发生及改善方面,患者短时间内易出现焦虑、抑郁等状态,考虑与患者本身情绪变化有关。新型冠状病毒感染期间中医药干预治疗的患者,其恢复期后遗症状及生存质量的改善方面,具有一定的优势及疗效。

Objective To analyze the symptoms of patients infected with novel coronavirus in the late stage of TCM rehabilitation program,investigate the changes in their quality of life after turning negative,and evaluate the effect of TCM intervention.Methods A total of 240 patients with mild novel coronavirus infection in the Makeshift Hospital of the Basketball Arena of Changchun Beihu Olympic Sports Center were treated with different traditional Chinese medicine protocols and followed up for 3 months after discharge.The effect of TCM intervention was evaluated by means of the sequelae assessment form of discharged patients with COVID-19 infection,QOL-BREF,SAS,SDS.Results The sequelae assessment form showed that,in the Hanshiyi prescription group,the respiratory sequelae accounted for 8.33%,the circulatory sequelae accounted for 4.16%,the nervous system sequelae accounted for 25%,the digestive system sequelae accounted for 1.67%,the mental and psychological disorders sequelae accounted for 14.17%,the urinary system sequelae accounted for 6.67%,while in the Lianhua Qingwen granules group,the sequelae of respiratory system accounted for 10%,circulatory system 5%,nervous system 21.66%,digestive system 3.33%,mental and psychological disorders 11.67%,and urinary system 8.33%.The QOL-BREF showed that the scores of psychological status,social function and environmental status in the Hanshiyi prescription group were higher than those in the Lianhua Qingwen granules group,yet there was no statistical difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The SAS showed that there were 10 cases of anxiety in the Hanshiyi prescription group and 12 cases in the Lianhua Qingwen granules group.The SDS showed that there were 10 cases of depression in the Hanshiyi prescription group and 12 cases in the Lianhua Qingwen granules group,yet there was no statistical difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Patients who have recovered from COVID-19 infection still have obvious sequelae three months after discharge,mainly manifested as fatigue,cough,dizziness,headache,anxiety,depression,etc.The TCM rehabilitation program can significantly reduce the sequelae of patients,especially in terms of the occurrence and improvement of anxiety and depression.Patients,who are prone to anxiety,depression,and other states in a short time,are deemed to be related to their emotional changes.Patients,treated with TCM intervention during the period of novel coronavirus infection,have certain advantages and curative effect in terms of improvement of sequelae and quality of life in the recovery period.