贝柱裙边和内脏的机械化分离装置初步设计及参数试验

Preliminary Design and Parameter Test of Mechanized Separation Device for Shell Column Skirt and Viscera

扇贝是我国主要养殖经济贝类之一,其闭壳肌亦称“贝柱”,是最主要的扇贝加工产品,但贝柱加工过程需大量人工处理,面临招工难、劳动强度大、效率低等诸多问题。针对贝柱、裙边和内脏团的黏连特点,将弹片挂钩和水射流冲击相结合,2种类型滚筒与筛网离心相结合,提出了一种贝柱、裙边和内脏的机械化分离方法,分析了其分离机理,并初步设计了贝柱、裙边和内脏的机械化分离装置,最后对装置分离参数进行了试验研究。结果表明,在试验条件下,完成裙边贝肉分离所需的力应大于等于约0.5 N,小于约1 N,在此条件下通过受力分析,在喷水管内径大小0.005 m,水流流量为4.62 L/min,滚筒半径为0.5 m,转速为0.87 r/s的条件下,可以实现贝类贝柱、裙边和内脏团的自动化分离,设计和试验结果为扇贝机械化加工技术的开发与推广应用提供参考。

Scallop is one of the main cultured economic shellfish in China.Its adductor muscle,also known as“scallop column”,is the main scallop processing product.However,the processing process of scallop column needs a lot of manual processing,which faces many problems such as difficult recruitment,high labor intensity and low efficiency.According to the adhesion characteristics of shell column,skirt and visceral mass,combining shrapnel hook with water jet impact and two types of rollers with screen centrifugation,this study put forward a mechanized separation method of shell column,skirt and visceral,analyzed its separation mechanism,preliminarily designs the mechanized separation device of shell column,skirt and visceral,and finally makes an experimental study on the separation parameters of the device.The test results showed that under this test condition,the force required to complete the separation of skirt shellfish should be greater than or equal to about 0.5N and less than about 1N.Under this conditions,through the force analysis,the automatic separation of shellfish column,skirt and visceral mass could be realized under the conditions of inner diameter of spray pipe of 0.005 m,flow rate of 4.62 L/min,drum radius of 0.5 m and rotating speed of 0.87 r/s.The design and test results were expected to provide reference for the development,popularization and application of scallop mechanized processing technology.