中国农业生态效率测度、区域差异及动态演进特征

Measurement,Regional Differences and Dynamic Evolution Characteristics of Agricultural Eco-efficiency in China

基于我国2006—2021年30个省份的面板数据,采用非期望产出的SBM模型测度各省农业生态效率,运用Dagum基尼系数和核密度估计等方法实证探究中国农业生态效率的区域差异来源及动态演进特征。结果表明:中国农业生态效率整体呈现稳步上升的态势,但其水平和增长速度存在区域异质性,东部地区总体农业生态效率水平和增长速度最大、西部居中、中部次之;中国农业生态效率的总体区域差异主要来源于区域间差异,其次是区域内差异,最后是超变密度差异;中国农业生态效率水平的差异化程度存在区域异质性,东部地区各省份间农业生态效率水平的差异化程度先降后升,中、西部地区各省份间农业生态效率水平的差异化程度逐渐扩大。基于此,各地区应当制定差异化农业发展策略,提升整体农业生态效率水平;缩小区域间差异,协同推进农业绿色转型;推动农业绿色低碳发展,提升农业生产资源利用效率。

Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China's Mainland from 2006 to 2021,the agricultural eco-efficiency of each province were measured using SBM-Undesirable model.The sources of regional differences and dynamic evolution characteristics in agricultural eco-efficiency in China were empirically explored using Dagum Gini coefficient and kernel density estimation methods.The results showed that the overall agricultural eco-efficiency in China was on the rise steadily,but there was regional heterogeneity in the level and growth rate.The eastern region had the highest overall eco-efficiency level and growth rate,followed by the western region and then the central region.The main sources of overall regional differences of agricultural eco-efficiency in China were inter-regional differences,followed by intra-regional differences,and finally,supervariable density differences.There was regional heterogeneity in the differentiation degree of agricultural eco-efficiency in China.The differentiation degree of agricultural eco-efficiency among provinces in eastern China decreased first and then increased,while the differentiation degree of agricultural eco-efficiency among provinces in central and western China gradually expanded.Based on this,each region should develop differentiated agricultural development strategies to increase the overall level of agricultural ecological efficiency,reduce regional differences and advance agricultural green transformation in a coordinated manner,promote green and low-carbon development of agriculture and improve the efficiency of agricultural production resource utilization.