什么样的课程内容结构最具教育价值——兼论新课标“课程内容结构化”的育人逻辑

Which Kind of Curriculum Content Structure Has the Most Educational Value: On the Educational Logic of “Structuring Curriculum Content” in New Compulsory Education Curriculum Standard

在新时代核心素养导向下,课程内容研究不仅要回答“什么知识最有价值”,“谁的知识最有价值”,更要研究“什么样的课程内容结构最具教育价值”。以此检视课程内容结构的现实样态,主要有知识逻辑型、儿童活动型和整合型三种课程内容结构类型,同时存在以教育功能消散为症结的知识价值迷失、学生学习活动松散、一体化设计缺失的问题。新课标通过课程内容结构化强化课程内容的育人功能:编制学科核心概念加强学科课程的育人逻辑,倡导学科实践以优化学科课程的教学活动形态,增设学习经验以精制学生主体活动的微观结构。课程内容结构化背后的育人逻辑是引领学生主体发展的课程内容结构最具教育价值,即明确知识的教育立场是课程知识育人的逻辑前提,学科课程的实践逻辑赋予学生强有力的知识结构,主动学习是学生主体精神发展的保障。

Under the guidance of core literacy in the new era,curriculum content research should not only answer“what knowledge is the most valuable”and“whose knowledge is the most valuable”,but also“which kind of curriculum content structure has the most educational value”.By examining the structure of curriculum content in practice,this paper divides the primary curriculum content structure into knowledge logic-based,child-centered activity-based,and integrated types.There are mainly problems such as the loss of knowledge value,the irregularity of element combination and the absence of students’learning experience.The new curriculum standard in China strengthens the educational function of curriculum content through the structured organization of curriculum content.It involves compiling core concepts in each subject to enhance the educational logic of subject-specific courses,advocating subject practices to optimize the forms of teaching activities in subject-specific courses,and incorporating learning experiences to refine the microstructure of student-centered activities.The underlying educational logic behind the structured organization of curriculum content is to guide the development of student agency.It recognizes that the educational standpoint of knowledge is a prerequisite for the educational function of curriculum knowledge.The practical logic of subject-specific courses equips students with a robust knowledge structure.Active learning serves as a guarantee for the development of student agency and their intellectual growth.