高危宫颈癌女性预防性HPV疫苗接种前认知评分及接种效果分析

Cognitive scores and effects of prophylactic HPV vaccination in high-risk cervical cancer women

目的探讨高危宫颈癌女性对预防性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗接种认知水平及接种效果。方法选取200例接受宫颈癌筛查属于高危患者,根据患者是否愿意接种预防性HPV疫苗分为观察组(117例,自愿接种)和对照组(83例,不接种)。比较两组接种认知评分、疫苗接种预防效果。结果观察组对于HPV与宫颈癌的关系、HPV传播途径、HPV高危类型、宫颈癌筛查的意义、HPV阳性的意义、预防性HPV疫苗接种的意义等内容的认知评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。接种疫苗后,观察组HPV持续性感染、HPV16/18型机会感染以及宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)Ⅰ~Ⅱ级的发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论预防性HPV疫苗接种有助于降低HPV感染风险,促进宫颈癌预防,但女性对于疫苗接种的认知度低会影响其接种意愿,今后应加强相关宣传教育,深化疫苗接种工作。

Objective To investigate the cognitive level and effect of preventive human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccination in high-risk cervical cancer women.Methods 20o0 high-risk women who received cervical cancer screening were selected and divided into observation group(117 cases,voluntary vaccination)and control group(83 cases,no vaccination)according to their willingness to receive preventive HPV vaccine.The cognitive score and preventive effect of vaccination were compared between the two groups.Results The cognitive scores of the observation group on the relationship between HPV and cervical cancer,HPV transmission route,high-risk types of HPV,the significance of cervical cancer screening,the significance of HPV positive,and the significance of preventive HPV vaccination were higher than those of the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).After vaccination,the incidence of HPV persistent infection,HPV16/18 opportunistic infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)grade Ⅰ to Ⅱ in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion Preventive HPV vaccination can help reduce the risk of HPV infection and promote the prevention of cervical cancer,but the low awareness of vaccination among women will affect the willingness to vaccinate.In the future,relevant publicity and education should be strengthened to deepen the vaccination work.