基于数据挖掘的含荜拔藏药方剂用药规律及药性研究

Study on the Law and Property of Zang Prescriptions Containing Piper Piper Based on Data Mining

目的:探讨含荜拔藏药方剂的用药规律及含该药材方剂的配伍规律,为藏医临床用药及潜在新处方的发现提供参考。方法:以《四部医典》和《藏药晶镜本草》为标准,利用Excel从《藏药方剂大全》中整理和搜集明确含有荜拔的藏药方剂,利用SPSS分析含荜拔方剂中各味药材的配伍规律和高频主治疾病用药规律。结果:共收集含冰片藏药方剂298首,涵盖主治疾病256种,其中出现频次≥10次的有23个,主要为培根病(45次)、痼有不消(30次)、痞硬症(29次)等;涉及药材226味,使用频次≥30次共30味,主要为白豆蔻(111次)、诃子(107次)、石榴(95次)等;共挖掘出常用核心药材组合30个,以荜拔-白豆蔻(123次)、荜拔-诃子-白豆蔻(122次)、荜拔-石榴(116次)、荜拔-干姜(97次)为主,体现了藏药方剂的“主辅配伍”规律。主治疾病的频次有治疗培根病(27次)、痼有不消(22次)、胃火(20次)的含荜拔藏药方剂六味都以辛、甘、苦为主,治疗培根病具有轻、糙、热、锐利效等药性,治疗痼有不消具有轻、锐、热、润效等药性,治疗胃火具有热、稀、锐、糙效等药性。结论:藏药荜拔常与白豆蔻、石榴等温性药材联用,符合藏医清寒性培根病、痼有不消、以及增胃火等标本兼治的治病原则,并与诃子、寒水石、沙棘等配伍是增效温凉平衡机理;同时也体现了藏药凉温兼用的用药规律。

Objective To explore the rule of drug use and compatibility of Zang medicine prescriptions containing Piper Piper,and to provide reference for the discovery of clinical drug use and potential new prescriptions in Zang medicine.Methods With Sibu Yidian and Zangyao Jingjing Bencao as the standard,the Zangyao Fangji Daquan containing piper bark were sorted out and collected from the Zang Medicine Prescription Collection by Excel,and the compatibility rules of various herbs in the prescriptions containing piper bark were analyzed by SPSS,as well as the drug use rules of high-frequency dominant diseases.Results 298 pieces of Zang medicine prescriptions containing borneol were collected,covering 256 main diseases,23 of which were more than 10 times,mainly including Bacon disease(45 times),chronic disease(30 times),and abdominal stiffness(29 times);226 medicinal materials were involved,and the frequency of use was≥30 times,including 30 medicinal materials,mainly Cardamom(111 times),Terminalia chebula(107 times),Pomegranate(95 times),etc;A total of 30 commonly used core drug combinations were excavated,mainly including Piper piper-Cardamom(123 times),Piper piper-Terminalia chebula-Cardamom(122 times),Piper piper-Pomegranate(116 times),Piper piper-Dried Ginger(97 times),reflecting the rule of“main and auxiliary compatibility”of Zang medicine prescriptions.The frequency of main diseases is to treat Bacon disease(27 times),chronic disease(22 times),and stomach fire(20 times).The six herbs containing piper piper are mainly pungent,sweet,and bitter.The treatment of Bacon disease is light,coarse,hot,and sharp.The treatment of chronic disease is light,sharp,hot,and moisturizing.The treatment of stomach fire is hot,thin,sharp,and rough.Conclusion The combination of the Zang medicine Piper piper bark with the isothermal medicinal materials of Cardamom cardamom and Pomegranate is in line with the principle of treating cold Bacon disease,chronic disease,and increasing stomach fire in Zang medicine.The compatibility with Terminalia chebula,Cold Water Stone,Hippophae rhamnoides is the mechanism of enhancing the temperature and cooling balance;At the same time,it also reflects the rule of Tibetan medicine used both cold and warm.