中国农垦农业绿色全要素生产率的区域差异及空间溢出

Regional Differences of Spatial Spillovers Green Agricultural Total Factor Productivity of China State Farms

选取中国29个垦区2006—2020年的面板数据,在使用SBM-ML指数法测算农业绿色全要素生产率的基础上,运用Dagum基尼系数和Markov链法进一步分析农垦农业绿色全要素生产率区域差异和空间溢出效应。结果表明:2006—2020年,中国农垦农业绿色全要素生产率年均增长5.10%,整体呈波动上升趋势。中国农垦农业绿色全要素生产率的区域差异呈扩大趋势,区域间差异是构成整体差异的主要来源。中国农垦农业绿色全要素生产率状态的转移受空间因素影响,高水平垦区会通过示范效应带来的空间溢出促进相邻垦区农业绿色全要素生产率的提高。考虑空间滞后因素后,中国农垦农业绿色全要素生产率在一定程度上存在具有两级分化特点的“马太效应”。因此,各垦区要通过深入贯彻新发展理念、重视科技研发创新和应用示范以及创新农垦合作方式等举措提高农业绿色全要素生产率。

Panel data of 29State Farms in China from 2006to 2020were selected,and based on the SBM-ML index method,Dagum Gini coefficient and Markov chain method were used to further analyze the regional differences and spatial spillover effects of green total factor productivity in China State Farms.The results showed that,from 2006to 2020,the average annual growth rate of green total factor productivity of China State Farms was 5.10%,and the overall trend was fluctuating upward.The regional differences of green agricultural total factor productivity on China State Farms showed an overall trend of expansion,and the regional difference is the main source of the overall difference.The regional differences of green agricultural total factor productivity on China State Farms showed an overall trend of expansion,and there were obvious polarization phenomena in all regions.The transfer of green total factor productivity was affected by spatial factors,and the high level reclamation area promoted the improvement of green total factor productivity in adjacent State Farms areas through the spatial spillover caused by demonstration effect.Considering the spatial lag factor,there was a twolevel‘Matthew effect’in green total factor productivity of China State Farms.Therefore,each State Farm should improve green agricultural total factor productivity by implementing new development concept,attaching importance to scientific research,innovation and application demonstration,and innovating agricultural reclamation cooperation mode.