婴儿辅食添加状况与家庭养育环境的相关性

Correlation between infant complementary feeding and family nurturing environment

目的分析婴儿辅食添加状况与家庭养育环境的关系,为改善儿童家庭养育质量提供参考。方法收集2021年1月—2022年11月在静安区社区卫生服务中心健康体检的12月龄足月儿为研究对象,采用自制的儿童基本情况、辅食添加情况调查问卷和国内《0~1岁儿童家庭养育环境问卷》评价婴儿家庭背景因素、辅食添加状况和家庭养育环境分值,并分析相关性。结果共纳入992名婴儿为研究对象,家庭养育环境总分在父母文化水平、产假时间和家庭主要照顾者方面的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。辅食各种类添加频次、肉类性状与家庭养育环境总分和各维度之间呈正相关(r=0.064~0.261,P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,母亲本科、研究生学历、产假时间≥12个月、家庭主要照顾者为父母、粗粮添加频次高,肉类添加质地粗是婴儿家庭养育环境总分处于高分组的促进因素(OR值分别为2.233、2.863、1.465、1.940、1.214、1.133,P<0.05)。结论婴儿家庭养育环境受家庭背景因素影响,婴儿辅食添加状况与家庭养育环境存在相关性,应及时合理地添加各类辅食,提升家庭养育质量。

Objective To analyze the relationship between infant complementary feeding and family nurturing environment,in order to provide reference for improving the quality of children's family parenting.Methods The 12-month-old full-term infants who had a physical examination at the community health service center of Jing′an District from January 2021 to November 2022 were collected as the study subjects.Questionnaires on children's basic conditions and complementary food addition and the domestic Questionnaire on Family Parenting Environment for 0-1-year-old Children were used to evaluate the infants'family background factors,complementary food addition status and family parenting environment,and the correlation was analyzed.Results Totally 992 infants were enrolled in this study.The differences in the total family nurturing environment scores of the study participants were statistically significant in terms of parents'education level,duration of maternity leave and primary family caregivers(P<0.05).There was a positive correlation of the frequency of supplementary feeding and meat traits with the total score of family nurturing environment and each dimension(r=0.064-0.261,P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that maternal education level(undergraduate and postgraduate degree),duration of maternity leave≥12 months,parents as main family caregivers,high frequency of coarse grains addition and coarse texture of meat addition were the contributing factors for infants with high total score of family nurturing environment(OR=2.233,2.863,1.465,1.940,1.214,1.133,P<0.05).Conclusions Family nurturing environment of infants is influenced by family background factors,and there is a correlation between infants'complementary feeding status and family nurturing environment.Various complementary foods should be added in a timely and reasonable manner to improve the quality of family nurturing.