自下而上的冲突地区数字文化遗产保护模式探讨——以“在线拯救乌克兰文化遗产”(SUCHO)行动为例

Digital Cultural Heritage Preservation Practices in Conflict Areas:Example of Saving Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Online(SUCHO)

“在线拯救乌克兰文化遗产”(SUCHO)是一项在2022年俄乌冲突背景下由欧美数字人文主义者发起的乌克兰数字文化遗产紧急保护行动。该项目在冲突爆发后的短短几个月时间内汇聚了1500多名国际志愿者,主要利用开源社区的网络存档工具和定制化的元数据方案,以在线合作的形式备份了乌克兰文化机构5000余个网站的内容和50TB的数据资源。2022年下半年项目已进入后续的内容管护、宣传教育和线下支援等环节,并产出了多种类型的数字人文成果。通过案例分析,文章认为该项目的成功建立和持续运作离不开网络志愿者社群、分布式网络存档方案和数字人文团队协调的关键贡献。尽管项目自身也存在一些局限,例如志愿者模式本身的缺陷,但其为面临类似危机的数字文化遗产抢救提供了自下而上的创新解决方案。

“Saving Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Online”(SUCHO)is an emergency digital cultural heritage pro-tection action initiated by western digital humanists in the context of the 2022 Russia-Ukraine conflict.Within a few months after the outbreak of the conflict,the project rallied more than 1,500 international volunteers,mainly using open-source web archiving tools from the online community and customized metadata solutions,to back up the content of more than 5,000 websites and 50TB of data resources from Ukrainian cultural institutions in the form of online collabo-ration.After the second half of 2022,the project has entered the follow-up stages of content curation,publicity educa-tion and offline support,and produced various types of digital humanities outcomes.Through case analysis,the research believes that the success and sustained operation of the project cannot be separated from the key contributions of the online volunteer community,distributed web archiving,and coordination by the digital humanities team.Although the project itself has some limitations,such as the flaws inherent in the online volunteer community,it provides a bottom-up innovative solution for similar digital cultural heritage crises.