mTORC1信号通路在心血管疾病中对心肌细胞自噬、凋亡的作用机制

Mechanism of mTORC1 signaling pathway on autophagy and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in cardiovascular diseases

哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶点(Mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)是一种进化上保守的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶,其复合物1(The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1,mTORC1)在细胞生物学和有机体发育等方面发挥重要作用,感知环境信息并整合到细胞调节与稳态中,维持生物体生理与病理平衡。心血管疾病(Cardiovascular diseases,CVD)目前仍然是导致全人类患病与死亡的主要原因,疾病发生发展的进程与细胞自噬、凋亡密切相关,而mTORC1在其中的调控作用不可或缺。本文围绕mTORC1的上游调节因子和下游底物进行归纳,结合自噬与细胞凋亡探究并阐述心血管疾病中mTORC1对心肌细胞的影响,以期从mTORC1信号通路入手干预自噬和细胞凋亡,为心血管疾病预防与治疗提供参考和依据。

Mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)is an evolutionally conserved serine/threonine kinase.Its complex 1(mTORC1)plays an important role in many basic aspects such as cell biology and organism development,sensing environmental information and integrating it into cell regulation and homeostasis,maintaining a balance between biological physiology and pathology.Cardiovascular diseases(CVD)are still the main cause of diseases and death in human beings.The progression of disease is closely related to autophagy and apoptosis,and mTORC1 plays an indispensable role in its regulation.In this article,the upstream regulatory factors and downstream substrates of mTORC1,combined with autophagy and apoptosis to explore and elaborate the effects of mTORC1 on myocardial cells in cardiovascular diseases were summarized,with a view to interfering autophagy and apoptosis from the mTORC1 signal pathway,and providing reference and basis for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.