藏药龙胆花药用品种和质量标准研究

Medicinal Varieties and Quality Standards of Tibetan Medicine Longdan Hua

目的:基于市场实际品种应用现状对藏药龙胆花基原品种和质量标准进行研究,为全面控制和评价其质量提供科学依据。方法:参照《中国药典》2020年版相关方法建立粉末显微和薄层色谱(TLC)定性鉴别方法,建立检查项标准,对“龙胆花”中环烯醚萜类成分和黄酮类成分的含量制定合理限度。结果:本研究基于品种使用现状、资源现状、化学成分和药理活性,建议药材名称从“青藏龙胆”改为“龙胆花”,基原品种从单一品种改为蓝玉簪龙胆、线叶龙胆、华丽龙胆和青藏龙胆等同属近似种植物;药用部位修改为不含基生叶的带花地上部分;龙胆花粉末显微特征清晰,可见表皮细胞、气孔、螺纹导管、花粉粒等;TLC斑点清晰,分离度较好;暂定龙胆花药材水分不得过11.0%,总灰分不得过5.0%,酸不溶性灰分不得过1.5%,水溶性浸出物不得少于25.0%;含龙胆苦苷、马钱苷酸、獐牙菜苦苷和獐牙菜苷的总量不得少于3.00%;含异荭草苷、异金雀花素-2"-O-吡喃葡萄糖苷和异金雀花素的总量不得少于0.50%。结论:本研究厘清了藏药龙胆花的主流品种,确定了龙胆花质量控制指标,为龙胆花的质量标准完善和提升奠定了基础。

Objective:Based on the actual variety application status in the market,the original varieties and quality standards of Tibetan medicine“Longdan Hua”were studied to provide scientific basis for overall control and evaluation of its quality.Methods:The qualitative identification methods of powder microscopy and TLC were established according to the relevant methods in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020),and the inspection item standards were established.The reasonable limits of the contents of iridoids and flavonoids in“Longdan Hua”were established.Results:Based on the current situation of variety use,resource status,chemical composition and modern pharmacological activity,this study suggests that the name of the medicinal material should be changed from“G.futtereri Diels et Gilg”to“Longdan Hua”,and the original variety should be changed from a single variety to G.veitchiorum Hemsl.,G.farreri Balf.f.,G.sino-ornata Balf.f.and G.futtereri Diels et Gilg,which belong to the same species of plants;The medicinal part is modified as“the aboveground part with flowers without basal leaves”;The microscopic characteristics of Gentian pollen end are clear,including epidermal cells,stomata,whorled vessels,pollen grains,etc;TLC spots are clear and the resolution is good;The water content of“Longdan Hua”should not exceed 11.0%temporarily,the total ash should not exceed 5.0%,the acid insoluble ash should not exceed 1.5%,and the water-soluble extract should not be less than 25%;The total content of Gentiopicroside,Loganic acid,Swertimarin and Sweroside shall not be less than 3.00%;The total content of Isoorientin,Isoscoparin-2″-O-glucoside and Isoscoparin shall not be less than 0.50%.Conclusion:This study clarified the mainstream varieties of the Tibetan medicine“Longdan Hua”,determined the quality control indicators of“Longdan Hua”,and laid a foundation for the improvement and improvement of the quality standards of“Longdan Hua”.