中国流动人口市民化的场域适应与行为变迁

Field Adaptation and Behavioral Change for the Citizen Identity of Floating Population

农村人口大规模地向城镇社会流动有力地推动了中国社会结构的转型。在此进程中,政府的容量平衡逻辑形成融城准入门槛,而流动人口以能动精神形塑渐次融城的市民化图景。但这种解释逻辑忽视了流动人口的内部差异以及社会流动与社会结构之间的互动关系。聚焦流动人口的主体视角,发现其内部的个体差异使其匹配不同的市民化阶段并表现出相应的市民化行为。因而,中国流动人口呈现渐阶融入的市民化图景。以信任为关键变量观察社会的转型特征,可以发现,伴随流动人口市民化的进阶,其普遍主义信任特征愈发显著;流动人口不仅成为“标准的城里人”,也进阶性地成为“典型的现代人”;流动人口市民化不仅超越了差序格局的信任半径局限,而且构成中国社会现代化的潜在动能。

The large-scale flow of rural population to urban society has effectively promoted the transformation of China's social structure.In this process,the government's capacity balance logic forms the access threshold of the city,and the floating population shapes the citizenization picture of the city with a dynamic spirit.However,this interpretation logic ignores the internal differences of the floating population and the interaction between social mobility and social structure.Focusing on the main perspective of the floating population,its internal individual differences make it match different citizenization stages and show corresponding citizenization behaviors.Therefore,it presents a citizenization picture of gradual integration.Taking trust as the key variable to observe the transformation characteristics of the society,it can be found that with the advancement of the citizenization of the floating population,its universal trust characteristics are becoming more and more significant;the floating population not only becomes standard ′city people′,but also become ′typical modern people′ step by step;the citizenization of floating population not only transcends the limitation of the trust radius of the differential pattern,but also constitutes the potential kinetic energy of China's social modernization.