“体性”与“风骨”:《文心雕龙》身体诗学论

“Body Character”and“Style”:A study of Body Poetics in The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons

在司马迁“发愤著书说”之后,《文心雕龙》把文学创作视为作家血气、精神、情志等抒发表现的结果,认为作品优劣高下犹如人情之变。“苦虑劳情说”“为情造文说”的提出,将文章与人的形神、气血、五脏、六腑、脉韵贯通统一起来,赋予诗学以人的性格与精神气象。作为中国古代诗学文学批评巨著,《文心雕龙》同样受到了“体验哲学”的影响。在刘勰类比性论述中,诗文有辞采风骨,人的身体对应有五官形骸。艺术作品是情性和文采的融合,这与身体是肉体与精神统一的观念相一致,发中国诗学借体论艺、以身论文之滥觞。

After continuing Sima Qian’s“writing books with passion”,The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons regarded literary creation as the result of the expression of the writer’s blood,spirit,emotion,etc,and considered the quality of work as superior to that of human feelings.The idea of“thinking about the feelings”and“creating literature for the feelings”unifies the article with the connection of human form and spirit,Qi and blood,five viscera,six fu-organs and pulse rhyme,and endows poetics with human character and spiritual temperament.As a great work of literary criticism in ancient Chinese poetics,The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons is also influenced by the“experience philosophy”.In Liu Xie’s analogical discussion,poetry and prose have the character of words,and the human body should be characterized by five features.The artistic work is the fusion of emotion and literary talent,which is consistent with the idea that the body is the unity of body and spirit,and it is the beginning of Chinese poetics to discuss art and body.