不同种源樟树果实与种子变异分析

Analysis of fruit and seed variability of Camphora officinarum from different species sources

以江西省16个种源的樟树为研究对象,利用相关分析、方差分析和聚类分析,研究不同种源樟树果实与种子相关性状变异及其主要影响因子。结果表明:江西省各种源间的果实百粒重、果实直径、种子百粒重、种子直径和种子含水率均存在极显著的差异,而种源内个体间各果实和种子性状指标均无显著差异。江西省不同种源樟树果实百粒重变化范围为44.61~57.55 g,种子百粒重变化范围为10.53~13.79 g,果实直径变化范围为8.69~9.77 mm,种子直径变化范围为6.18~6.75 mm,种子含水率变化范围为13.31%~38.13%,果实直径变异系数范围为4.7%~9.7%,种子直径变异系数范围为4.9%~8.9%。根据果实和种子性状初步筛选出赣州市南康区种源和抚州市金溪县种源为选籽用樟树优良种源。相关分析显示,果实百粒重和果实直径、种子直径、种子百粒重之间呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与种子含水率呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。果实直径与种子直径及种子百粒重之间均呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。种子百粒重和种子直径之间呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。聚类分析显示,当欧氏距离为7时,江西省樟树聚为两类,从聚类结果来看,江西省樟树果实和种子性状与经纬度没有直接关系。

Taking Camphora officinarum from 16 species sources in Jiangxi Province as the research object,correlation analysis,ANOVA and cluster analysis were used to study the variation of fruit and seed correlation traits and their main influencing factors from different sources.The results showed that,there were significant differences in fruit weight,fruit diameter,seed weight,seed diameter and seed moisture content among various sources in Jiangxi Province,while there were no significant differences in fruit and seed traits between individuals in the seed source.In Jiangxi Province,the variation range of fruit weight of camphor tree from different sources was 44.61-57.55 g,the variation range of seed weight was 10.53-13.79 g,the range of fruit diameter was 8.69-9.77 mm,the range of seed diameter was 6.18-6.75 mm,the range of seed moisture content was 13.31%-38.13%,the range of fruit diameter variation coefficient was 4.7%-9.7%,and the range of seed diameter coefficient of variation was 4.9%-8.9%.According to the fruit and seed characteristics,the seed sources of Nankang County in Ganzhou City and Jinxi County in Fuzhou City were preliminarily screened as excellent seed sources for seed selection.The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between seed 100 grain weight and fruit weight,fruit diameter,seed diameter(P<0.01),and there was a significant positive correlation between seed 100 grain weight and seed moisture content(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between fruit diameter and seed diameter and seed 100 grain weight(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between seed 100 grain weight and seed diameter(P<0.05).Cluster analysis showed that when the Euclidean distance was 7,the C.officinarum in Jiangxi Province were clustered into two categories,and from the clustering results,the fruit and seed traits of C.officinarum in JiangxiProvince were notdirectly related to latitude and longitude.