我国随班就读政策执行的现实困境及其破解路径——基于政策执行综合模型的视角

The Realistic Dilemma and Cracking Path of the Implementation of Learning in Regular Classes Policy in China:A Perspective Based on the Integrated Model of Policy Implementation

随班就读解决了许多特殊儿童的入学问题,但目前却处于从规模效应向质量效应转变的执行过程之中。基于政策执行综合模型的视角审视,随班就读政策执行的现实困境表现为:现有理论与技术不足、目标群体复杂和利益相关者行为调适幅度过大等特点影响了该领域问题的可处理性;随班就读的政策条款、政策资源以及执行机构存在的不足限制了对执行过程所具有的规制能力;文化环境、教育环境、舆论环境中存在的不利因素相互裹挟致使公众社会认知存在偏差,难以形成政策认同。据此,加强系统的循证研究、建立利益协调沟通机制、完善政策文本体系、优化经费资源投入、强化部门执行机制、营造积极的社会环境可作为破解路径。

Learning in regular classes has solved the enrollment problem of thousands of children luth speicl reeds.At present,the reality is in the implementation obstruction of the transformation from scale effect to quality effect.Based on the integrated model of policy implementation,this study holds that the practical dilemma of the implementation of learning in regular classes is as follows:the existing theories and technologies in this field are insufficient,the target groups are complex,and the stakeholders’behavior adjustment range is too large,which affects the handlability of its problems;the shortcomings of policy clauses,policy resources and implementing agencies in learning in regular classes limit its ability to regulate the implementation;the adverse factors in cultural environment,educational environment and public opinion environment bind each other,resulting in the deviation of public social cognition and the difficulty of forming policy identification.Therefore,it is suggested to strengthen systematic evidence-based research,establish interest coordination and communication mechanism,improve policy text system,optimize financial resources input,strengthen departmental implementation mechanism and create a positive social environment.