入水管参数对船载养殖舱流场特性的影响

Influence of inlet pipe parameters on the flow field characteristics of ship-borne rearing tanks

为研究船载养殖舱入水管参数对舱内流场特性的影响,运用计算流体力学建立了计算模型,对不同入水管数量、入水管距池壁位置、入射角度以及换水流速的养殖舱流场特性进行了研究。对在相同位置和相同角度时布置2根和4根入水管的养殖舱流场进行对比分析的结果显示,双管间隔式结构入水均匀;当入射角度增大到35°、距池壁的距离增大到3400 mm时,舱内低速区占比较小,流场整体平均速度较高,水体质点与舱壁摩擦产生的能量损失逐渐降低,舱内水体混合均匀性改善。换水流速增加,会导致底排流量增加,舱内流场出现漩涡,不利于养殖鱼类。试验结果表明,船载养殖舱入水管采用双管间隔式入水、距池壁3400 mm、入射角度为35°时,舱内水体流动均匀,无中心漩涡出现,适合鱼类生存。试验结果可为鱼类生存提供适宜的环境,并为船载养殖舱的设计提供参考。

In order to study the influence of inlet pipe parameters on the characteristics of the flow field in the ship-born e aquaculture cabin,a computational model was established by computational fluid dynamics,and the characteristics of the flow field of aquaculture cabins containing the number of inlet pipes,the position of the inlet pipes from the pool wall,the incident angle and the water exchange flow rate were studied.The results of comparative analysis of the aquaculture tank flow field with two and four inlet pipes arranged at the same position and the same angle showed that the water inlet of the double-pipe interval structure was uniform.When the incident angle increased to 35°and the distance from the tank wall increased to 3400 mm,the low-velocity zone in the cabin accounted for a small proportion,and the overall average velocity of the flow field became higher.Meanwhile,the energy loss caused by the friction between the water mass point and the bulkhead gradually reduced,and the mixing uniformity of the water in the cabin was improved.The increase in the flow rate of the water exchange would lead to an increase in the flow rate of the bottom discharge and a vortex in the cabin,which was not conducive to the cultivation of fish.The test results showed that when the water inlet pipe of the ship-borne aquaculture cabin adopted a double-pipe interval inlet pipe,as well as 3400 mm away from the tank wall and an incident angle of 35°,the water flow in the culture cabin was uniform without any central vortex and was suitable for fish survival.The results of this study would provide a suitable environment for fish survival and a reference for the design of the ship-borne aquaculture cabin.