园林废弃物资源化处理对金叶榆人工林土壤理化性质和团聚体稳定性的影响

Effects of Garden Waste Reuse Treatments on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Aggregate Stability in Ulmuspumila cv.jinye Plantation Soil

为研究园林废弃物不同资源化方式和不同施用量对人工林土壤理化性质和水稳性团聚体稳定性的影响,在北京市房山区金叶榆(Ulmus pumila cv.jinye.)人工林开展试验,设置粉碎物、堆肥、生物有机肥、生物炭4种园林废弃物资源化有机物料和1 m 2样地含碳质量1、2、4 kg的施用量,培养15个月后,测定其土壤理化性质。结果表明:施用4种园林废弃物资源化有机物料均可促进土壤中小团聚体向大团聚体转化,提高土壤水稳性团聚体稳定性,降低土壤密度,增加土壤持水性和孔隙度,并提高土壤养分质量分数。其中粉碎物和生物有机肥处理显著增加全磷质量分数;堆肥处理显著增加全氮质量分数,提高毛管持水量、饱和持水量和毛管孔隙度;生物炭处理显著增加有机碳质量分数;生物有机肥和生物炭处理显著增加硝态氮质量分数;堆肥处理显著增加速效磷质量分数。不同园林废弃物有机物料对土壤pH、铵态氮、饱和孔隙度等指标作用效果不显著。因此,园林废弃物粉碎物、堆肥、生物有机肥及生物炭均能在一定程度上改善人工林土壤质量,其中,粉碎物、堆肥和生物有机肥处理对增加土壤肥力及改善土壤物理结构的效果优于生物炭。

In order to study the effects of different reuse treatments of garden waste on soil physicochemical properties and the stability of water-stable aggregates in the plantation soil,the experiments were carried out in an Ulmus pumila cv.jinye.Plantation,in Fangshan District,Beijing City.Experimentation was composed of four types of garden wastes products including crushed material,compost,bioorganic fertilizer and biochar,and 1,2 and 4 kg·m^(-2)carbon-based amounts were set up.After 15 months,the physical and chemical properties were determined.The application of four kinds of garden wastes resource organic materials can promote the transformation of soil medium and small aggregates to large aggregates,improve the stability of soil water stable aggregates,reduce soil bulk density,increase soil water holding capacity and porosity,and increase soil nutrient content.The crushed materials and bioorganic fertilizer treatments significantly increased the contents of total phosphorus,and the compost treatment significantly increased the contents of total nitrogen,capillary water capacity,saturated water capacity and capillary porosity.Biochar treatment significantly increased organic carbon content,bioorganic fertilizer and biochar treatment significantly increased nitrate nitrogen content,compost treatment significantly increased available phosphorus content.The effects of different garden waste organic materials on soil pH,ammonium nitrogen content and saturated porosity were not significant.Garden waste could be used to improve the soil quality of plantation by four types of treatments.Compared to biochar,crushed material,compost and bioorganic fertilizer were more effective in increasing soil fertility and improving soil physical structure.