创新驱动政策对全要素能源效率的影响——基于国家创新型城市试点政策的考察

Impact of innovation-driven policies on total factor energy efficiency:Based on the national innovation city pilot policy

【目的】能源效率提升对节能降碳具有重要意义,揭示创新驱动政策对能源效率的影响,并深入探究其作用机制,为从创新驱动视角促进经济高质量发展提供科学依据。【方法】本文基于2004—2019年280个地级市面板数据,在采用Super-SBM法测算全要素能源效率的基础上,运用多时点双重差分模型考察了国家创新型城市试点政策对全要素能源效率的影响。【结果】(1)以国家创新型城市试点为代表的创新驱动政策能够显著促进城市全要素能源效率的提升,相较于非试点城市,创新试点城市的全要素能源效率平均提高3.3%。(2)创新型城市试点政策在行政级别更高、区位优势更好、非资源型城市、环境规制更弱和初始全要素能源效率较低的城市中表现更为明显。(3)绿色技术创新和产业结构优化是创新试点政策推动全要素能源效率提升的重要机制。拓展性分析表明,创新型城市试点政策对全要素能源效率的促进作用存在正向空间溢出效应。【结论】因此,应重视创新型城市试点政策的经验总结和推广、加强各地区统筹规划与合作、加大对绿色技术创新的支持力度、优化产业结构,进而推动全要素能源效率的提升。

[Objective]Improving energy efficiency is of great significance for energy conservation and carbon reduction,and revealing the impact of innovation-driven policies on energy efficiency and examining its mechanism of impact can provide a scientific basis for promoting high-quality economic development.[Methods]Based on the panel data of 280 prefecture-level cities from 2004to 2019,this study used the super-slacks-based measure(SBM)method to measure the total factor energy efficiency and the multi-period difference-in-differences model to investigate the impact of the national innovation city pilot policy on total factor energy efficiency.[Results](1)Innovationdriven policies,represented by the national innovation city pilot,can significantly promote the improvement of urban total factor energy efficiency.Compared with non-pilot cities,the total factor energy efficiency of pilot innovation cities increased by 3.3%on average.(2)The impact of the innovation city pilot policy was more obvious in cities with higher administrative levels and better location advantages,non resource-based,with weaker environmental regulations and low initial total factor energy efficiency.(3)Green technology innovation level and industrial structure optimization were the important mechanisms of innovation city pilot policy promoting the improvement of total factor energy efficiency.(4)Extended analysis showed that there was a positive spatial spillover effect of innovation-driven policies on total factor energy efficiency.[Conclusion]Therefore,we should pay attention to the lessons learned and dissemination of experience from the innovation city pilot policy implementation,strengthen the overall planning and cooperation of various regions,increase the support for green technology innovation,and optimize the industrial structure,in order to promote the improvement of total factor energy efficiency.