基于最小累积阻力模型的西安市生态安全格局构建

Optimization of the Ecological Security Pattern in Xi'an City based on a Minimum Cumulative Resistance Model

建立生态安全格局为维护区域生态安全提供了新思路,有利于促进区域发展与生态保护的和谐发展。以西部核心城市西安市为例,在RS与GIS技术支持下,基于生态服务重要性与生态环境敏感性评价的基础上识别生态源地,利用最小累积阻力模型和引力模型构建区域生态安全格局并优化生态空间结构布局。结果表明:(1)本研究识别生态保护源地面积共3352.5 km^(2),占全市的33.2%,主要分布在秦岭山地、骊山丘陵及渭河、黑河、泾河沿岸。(2)除生态源地外,低、中、高水平安全格局区域分别占全区的27.21%、15.95%和14.31%。(3)本研究共生成21条潜在廊道,总长约105.24km,其中包括9条关键廊道。研究区主要依靠潜在生态廊道保持南部生态源地之间的连通性,其他区域相互之间廊道的传递消耗成本值较高。(4)提出构建以“一屏、一带、数廊、多区、众点”为核心的生态安全网络格局布局体系,优化西安市的生态空间结构。

The ecological security pattern is conducive to promoting the harmonious integration of regional development and ecological protection.Taking Xi'an,a core city in the west of China,as an example,the ecological source area was identified based on an assessment of the importance of ecological services and the sensitivity of the ecological environment.Then the minimum cumulative resistance model and gravity model were used to construct the regional ecological security pattern and optimize the ecological spatial structure layout.The results show four key aspects of this system.(1)The source area of ecological protection identified in this study was 3352.5 km^(2),accounting for 33.2%of the city,and it is mainly distributed in the Qinling Mountains,Lishan Hills,Weihe River,Heihe River,and Jinghe River.(2)Excluding the ecological source area,the low,medium and high-level security pattern areas accounted for 27.21%,15.95%and 14.31%of the whole area,respectively.(3)The models generated 21 potential corridors with a total length of about 105.24 km,including 9 key corridors.(4)In order to optimize the ecological spatial structure of Xi'an,one proposal is to build an ecological security network layout system with“one barrier,one belt,several corridors,multiple areas and multiple points”as the core.