城市群绿色水资源利用效率:测度、时空变异及影响因素

Green Water Resource Utilization Efficiency in Urban Agglomerations:Measurement,Spatiotemporal Variations and Influencing Factors

绿色发展是经济、社会和环境的协调发展,已成为主流发展模式。本文运用考虑非期望产出的超效率SBM-DEA模型,对2010-2019年“中四角”38个地区的绿色水资源利用效率进行了评价,然后采用标准差椭圆法分析了绿色水资源利用效率的时空变异,并利用地理探测器法揭示绿色水资源利用效率时空变异的主导影响和交互影响。结果表明:(1)2010-2019年,“中四角”绿色水资源利用效率较低,且呈下降趋势,区域差异明显;(2)2010-2019年,绿色水资源利用效率空间重心呈现由东北向西南的变化过程,移动速度呈现“波形”上升趋势;各特征时间点的标准差椭圆范围呈减小趋势,说明绿色水资源利用效率的空间变化趋于集聚。(3)2010-2019年,各因子对绿色水资源利用效率空间变异的影响各不相同。此外,不同影响因素之间的双向交互主要表现为二元增强关系和非线性增强关系,特别是受多因素产生的非线性增强交互作用的影响。本研究可为“中四角”地区实现水生态文明建设和高质量发展提供实践依据。

Green development is the coordinated development of the economy,society and environment and has become a mainstream development model.This paper evaluates the green water resource utilization efficiency(GWRUE)of 38 regions in the four-city area in central China during 2010–2019 using a super-slacks-based measure(super-SBM)DEA model considering unexpected output.Then,the spatiotemporal variations in GWRUE are analyzed by the standard deviational ellipse method,and the geographical detector method is employed to reveal the dominant impacts and interaction impacts on GWRUE spatiotemporal variations.The results show that:(1)From 2010 to 2019,the GWRUE in the four-city area in central China was low,and the difference among regions was obvious,showing a downward trend.(2)From 2010 to 2019,the spatial gravity center of GWRUE experienced a change process from northeast to southwest,and its moving speed showed a“waveform”rising trend.Moreover,the standard deviational ellipse(SDE)range of each characteristic time point showed a decreasing trend,indicating that the spatial variations in GWRUE tended to be agglomerated.(3)From 2010 to 2019,the influence of each factor on the spatial variations in GWRUE was different each year.In addition,the two-way interactions between different influencing factors were mainly manifested as bivariate enhancement relationships and nonlinear enhancement relationships and were especially affected by multiple factors that produce a nonlinear enhancement interaction.This study can provide a practical basis for realizing water ecological civilization construction and high-quality development in the four-city area in central China.