近20年来中外探险旅游研究进展的可视化对比分析

A Visual Analysis Comparing the Research Progress of Adventure Tourism in China and Abroad during the Last 20 Years

探险旅游作为体育与旅游融合的新业态,系统对比国内外研究进展,对于了解我国研究现状、掌握国外最新形式、指导下一步研究方向具有重要价值。文章以“中国知网数据库”和“WebofScience”核心数据库为基础,以2000–2021年作为时间跨度,借助CiteSpace V和Arc GIS软件,对探险旅游的研究数量、团队作者、研究内容、研究热点进行可视化对比分析,结果发现:(1)国内在探险旅游领域的文献数量和质量均滞后于国外;(2)相较于国外研究学者以两两合作和三人团队为主,大型研究团队数量多、分布广的特征,我国研究学者呈现以两两合作为主,大型研究团队数量少,分布较散的特征;(3)相较于国外研究机构以高校居多,集中在欧洲、北美地区,机构间联系紧密度高的特征,我国研究机构虽以高校为主,集中在北京、长三角、云贵高原地区,然而机构间联系紧密度较弱;(4)研究主题方面,相较于国外研究以“探险旅游”、“旅游”、“行为”、“风险”等多个关键词为中心的扩散模式,我国则呈现出以“探险旅游”为中心,向“开发”、“旅游者”、“风险”、“现状”等关键词扩散的特征;(5)国外研究专注于探险旅游活动的环境影响及环境保护研究,而国内研究专注于探险旅游者体验及满意度研究。据此提出国内应通过构建科学探险旅游理论体系、加强探险旅游交叉学科研究、强化薄弱研究领域、拓宽研究人群和研究地域、重视以项目旅游为中心的探险旅游研究等方式完善探险旅游研究体系。

Adventure tourism is a new industry that integrates sports and tourism.A systematic comparison of domestic and foreign research progress is valuable for understanding the current research situation in China,grasping the latest forms abroad,and guiding the next research direction.Based on the core databases of“China Knowledge Network Database”and“Web of Science”,and the period of 2000–2021 as the time span,CiteSpace V and ArcGIS software were used to compare the research progress of adventure tourism in China and worldwide.(1)The quantity and quality of domestic literature in the field of adventure tourism lag behind the literature from foreign countries.(2)Compared with foreign research scholars,who mainly work in teams of two or three,the number of large research teams in China is larger and they are widely distributed.(3)Compared with foreign research institutions,which are mainly universities concentrated in Europe and North America and have strong inter-institutional ties,China's research institutions are mainly universities concentrated in Beijing,the Yangtze River Delta,and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,but their inter-institutional ties are weak.(4)In terms of research themes,compared with the diffusion model centered on such keywords as“adventure tourism”,“tourism”,“behavior”and“risk”,the research in China presents a characteristic with“adventure tourism”as the center and the other keywords are more diffused.(5)Foreign studies often focus on the environmental impact of adventure tourism activities and environmental protection,while domestic studies tend to focus on the experience and satisfaction of adventure tourists.Accordingly,we propose that the domestic research system of adventure tourism should be improved by constructing a scientific adventure tourism theoretical system,strengthening the cross-disciplinary research of adventure tourism,strengthening the weak research areas,broadening the research population and research area,and paying more attention to research on adventure tourism that is centered on project tourism.