日俄战争前后清政府在朝鲜的商业危机与官商合作

Business-Government Cooperation in Korean Affairs before and after the Russo-Japanese War

日俄战争前后,朝鲜的中国商务面临严重危机。面对危机,无论是清政府还是朝鲜华商,都产生了深刻的忧患意识。为挽救危局,中国官商进行了合作,如设商会、振商学、开辟商路等。政府倡导是商人参与“商战”的重要动因之一,但商人的主观因素亦不可忽视,在与政府合作时,其带有较强的经济动机。朝鲜华商努力争取政府的正式支持,以实现自身商业目的。从这个意义上说,晚清在朝鲜的政商合作代表了一种互惠互利的合作,起到了抵抗外国经济侵略的作用,挽回了部分利权。

Before and after the Russo-Japanese War,Chinese commerce in Korea faced a serious crisis.In order to save the crisis,Chinese government and business have joined forces.The establishment of chambers of commerce,the revitalization of business studies,and the opening of China-Korea business routes are all manifestations of government-business cooperation.Government advocacy is one of the important motives for businessmen to participate in"commercial wars",but the subjective factors of businessmen cannot be ignored.In the face of the business crisis,businessmen have a deep sense of distress.When cooperating with the government,including Korean Chinese businessmen,there is a strong economic motivation.In this sense,businessgovernment cooperationin in late Qing Korean policy represents more of a mutual collaboration for mutual benefits.These officially initiated activities played a role in resisting foreign economic aggression and saved some of their rights.